1. Technology of Data Glove

2. Virtual Reality manipulation with data glove

3. Driving Simulator

4. Flight Simulator
Internal view
External view

5. Virtual Reality (continued)

6. The VirtuSphere
VirtuSphere provides a mechanical basis for truly immersive virtual reality environments,
permitting the user to move about in virtual space by simply walking.
The device consists of a large hollow sphere which is mounted on a specially designed platform
that allows the sphere to rotate freely as the user walks in any direction. (Note that the open
hatch in the picture above is closed during use.) The user wears a head-mounted display, which
provides the virtual environment. Sensors under the sphere provide subject speed and direction
to the computer running the simulation. Users can even interact with objects in virtual space
using a special manipulator.

7. 11.4 Intelligent Systems Intelligent systems
Artificial intelligence (AI)
Intelligent systems is a term that describes the various commercial applications of AI.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is a subfield of computer science concerned with:
* studying the thought processes of humans
* recreating those processes via machines, such as computer and robots.

8. Expert Systems Expertise Expert systems (ESs)
Star Trek Voyager’s doctor:
a 24th century expert system
Expertise refers to the extensive, task-specific knowledge acquired from training, reading
and experience.
Expert systems (ESs) attempt to mimic human experts by applying expertise in a specific
domain. Can support decision makers or completely replace them.

9. Expert Systems (continued)
The transfer of expertise from an expert to a computer and then to a user involves four activities:
Knowledge acquisition
Knowledge representation
Knowledge inferencing
Knowledge transfer
Knowledge acquisition: Knowledge is from experts or from documented sources.
Knowledge representation: Acquired knowledge is organized as rules or frames
(objective-oriented) and stored electronically in a knowledge base.
Knowledge inferencing: Given the necessary expertise stored in the knowledge base,
the computer is programmed so that it can make inferences. The reasoning function is
performed in a component called the inference engine, which is the brain of ES.
Knowledge transfer: The inferenced expertise is transferred to the user in the form of
a recommendation.

10. The Components of Expert Systems
Knowledge base
Inference engine
User interface
Blackboard
Explanation subsystem
Knowledge base contains knowledge necessary for understanding, formulating and solving problems.
Inference engine is a computer program that provides a methodology for reasoning and formulating conclusions.
User interface enables users to communicate with the computer
Blackboard is an area of working memory set aside for the description of a current problem.
Explanation subsystem explains its recommendations.

11. Structure and Process of an Expert System

12. Neural Network