1. IOT Technologies and Design
Weimin Peng
JWC technologies, Inc.
(972)

2. IOT Market

3. Bluetooth Devices
Blue tooth Based low energy devices (Personal devices)
The devices are mobile
Connected with the phone
Examples:
key tracker (tile, nut, etc.)
fitness band,
Bluetooth watch
Cloud computing and storage keeps track of the account profile, location, security etc.
LTE-connection
Bluetooth

4. Smart Home Devices Connectivity
WiFi/Cloud based devices
These devices are not mobile
Examples:
Door bell(ring),
Nest Learning Thermostat
Wifi smart power plug
Wifi Garage door opener
LTE-Conection
Internet
Wifi

5. LPWAN(NB-IOT/Sigfox/LoraWan)
3 competing Technologies:
LTE CAT M, LTE NB
Lora
Sigfox
Provides Low Power Wan Connectivity
Examples:
Luggage tracker (Using LTE-cat M1, or LTE NB)
Pet Tracker
Utilities/Automated Meter Reading/Smart Grids
Asset Tracking
Elderly Tracker

6. Satellite Communication
Satellite communication Services (Global Satellite/GPS)
Players: Globalstar, Iridium, Satcom Direct, etc.
Asset tracking

7. LTE CAT M vs.NB-IOT LTE CAT M LTE - NB Coverage 20 Km 20 km Frequency
LTE Band (12, 13, 14 low frequency band)
Same
Signal Bandwidth
1.08Mhz
180 to 200 KHz
Targeted Batter Life
10 years
10 – 20 years
Data Rate
1Mbps (OTA support)
200Kbps
Region
North America
Asian/Europe
Cost
High
Low
Note: The major difference between LTE CAT M and LTE-NB is the data rate. The LTE CAT M has higher throughput, which make the OTA (Over The Air software update) possible. The cost is the bandwidth (translate into subscription cost) and battery life

8. LoRaWAN and Sigfox LoRaWan Sigfox Coverage 15-20km 30km Frequency
868hz & 915Mhz unlicensed
Same
Signal bandwith
125Khz
0.1Khz
Date Rate
10Kbps
100bps
Target Battery life
10-20 Years
cost
Relatively High
Low
LoRa is a proprietary modulation system sold by Semtech corporation. They are defacto the only chipset manufacturer or license holder for LoRa.
Sigfox is a startup and provides end-end serivces (both end user chip set and backbone services).

9. Put it together

10. IOT Design Consideration
Technologies – Bluetooth, BLE, Zigbee, Wifi 2.4/5G, LPWan(NB-IOT, LoRa, Sigfox), Satellite Connectivity (Globalstar, Iridium, OrbComm), GPS positioning, etc.
Cost Control and Time to Market
Chip Vendor Selection (A good/detailed evaluation will save you months or years of extra effort)
Make sure your chip vendor is widely supported.
Performance trade-offs: Processor/Memory/cost/power/realstate
Antenna – Performance vs. size, cost
FCC/IC/CE/PTCRB – should be controlled from the beginning of the design.
Testing, Manufacturing and Quality Control

11. Technology and Vendors
Bluetooth
Classic Bluetooth V3.X, constant connection with medium throughput, mostly used for audio/headset.
Bluetooth low energy V4.X, duty-cycled connection, low power/low data rate. Widely used for smart watch, waist band, etc.
Major Vendors: Qualcomm (CSR), TI, Mediatek, Dialog Semi, Nordic, Cypress, etc.
Module Vendors: Murata, etc. (Save the FCC test)
WIFI
TI, Marvell, Cypress, Intel, Gainspan, MediaTek, Microchip, Qualcomm (NXP, Atheros, CSR), Radpine, STMicro,
Module Vendors: Murata, etc.
GPS
Ublox, STMicro, MediaTek, SiRF, Intel, Qualcomm

12. Technology and Vendors
LTE M1/NB
Chip Vendor: Qualcomm, Intel, Huawei, etc.
Module Vendor: Sierra Wireless, Telit, Gemoalto, Ublox, Quectel, etc.
LoRaWAN & sigfox
LoRaWAN: Semtech European IP
LoRa Alliance LoRaWAN spec.
Sigfox is a startup with a lower data rate, technologies,
Satellite:
Globalstar, Iridium, Satcom Direct, etc.

13. Antenna Antenna is the key.
The IOT use different antennas at different frequency
WIFI: Mhz/ Ghz
Bluetooth: Mhz
GPS/GLONAS: ±5Mhz/1602±5Mhz
LoRaWAN/Sigfox: 900Mhz ISM band
LTE CAT M1/NB: LTE band 2,4,13,… for Verizon, 2,4,12,… for AT&T etc. Which is corresponding 1600Mhz – 2300Mhz & 698Mhz – 900Mhz range.
Antenna has to be purchased/designed with tradeoffs in mind
Frequency, Bandwidth/efficiency and Size

14. Antenna Parameters Frequency and Bandwidth Return loss (SWR)
Efficiency
Directivity (Omni-directional)
Polarity

15. JWC Technologies - Antenna Vendor www.jwctech.com
Best in-class (Performance/cost)
Free tuning services
Flextronics preferred vendor.
Product line
GPS/GLONAS:
WIFI/Bluetooth,
LoRaWan/Sigfox/ERT Radio
GSM/LTE
VHF/UHF
Automotive Antennas

16. FCC/IC/CE Regulatory Testing
FCC Part 15. Subpart B.
Un-intentional Radiator.
Class A: Commercial
Class B: Residential
Need to take into consideration in the beginning of design
FCC Part 15. Subpart C.
Intentional Radiator.
In the unlicensed band 900Mhz, 2.4G, etc.
With low power
FCC Part 1, Subpart I (CRF1.1310)
SAR limit (Specific Absorption Rate) if the device is <20cm from human boday – max 1.6W/Kg averaged over 1 gram cube
Modular Approval – use pre-approved module to start with (Murata offers pre-approved bluetooth, WIFI modules).

17. Network Certification for GSM/LTE
Network Certification is enforced by carrier such as AT&T, Verison, T-mobile.
PTCRB (PCS Type Certification Review Board ): AT&T, T-mobile
Verizon ODI (Open Developer Initiative)
Global Certification Forum (GCF): International
CTIA OTA: Reference Standard.
Network Certificatoin consists of OTA, RSE(Radio Spurious Emission) and SIM. The challenging part is the OTA:
TRP (total radiated power): validate the performance of the cellular transmitter and antenna integration.
TIS (Total Isotropic Sensitivity): validate the performance of the cellular receiver and antenna integration.
LTE BAND 13
frequency
778.58
782
785.42
channel
23230
UL RB Allocation
12RBstart=0
12RBstart=19
12RBstart=38
TRP (dBm)
22.06
22.41
NHPRP ±Pi/4 (dBm)
20.10
20.51
20.58
NHPRP ±Pi/6 (dBm)
18.33
18.77
18.87
> 18dBm
Required by
Verizon 
Main Ant
751
5230
DL RB Allocation
50RBstart=0
15RBstart=0
TIS (dBm)
-94.43
NHPIS ±Pi/4 (dBm)
-92.99
NHPIS ±Pi/6 (dBm)
-91.52
< -91dBm
Diversity Ant
-96.53
< -88dBm