1. What is temperature?

2. Temperature
A measure of the average energy of motion of the particles of a substance
It’s basically the measure of how fast (or how slow) particles in a substance are moving.
Faster moving particles means a higher temperature.
Slower moving particles means a lower temperature.

3. HOW COLD CAN YOU GO?
Zero degrees Kelvin (00 K) is referred to as absolute zero. This means there is absolutely no movement of any particle. Nothing can be colder.

4. HOW COLD CAN YOU GO? 00 K is equal to -2730 C 00 C is equal to 2730 K
One degree increase on the Kelvin scale is equal to one degree increase on the Celsius scale.

5. IT’LL CHILL YOU TO THE BONE AND SHATTER YOUR BRAIN
LIQUID NITROGEN
IT’LL CHILL YOU TO THE BONE
AND
SHATTER YOUR BRAIN

6. LIQUID NITROGEN FACTS Nitrogen boils at -1960 C (770 K)
Nitrogen melts at C (630 K)

7. DRY ICE FACTS Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide becomes solid at C ( K)
Carbon dioxide skips the liquid phase completely…hence the name DRY ICE.

8. States of Matter
and
Phase Changes

9. Particles gain energy and move faster Melting or liquidification
Arrangement of particles: closely packed together giving it a definite volume
Arrangement of particles: still close together giving it a definite volume, but not as close as a solid
Arrangement of particles: enough energy to break free of each other filling whatever container it’s in
Movement of particles: do not change positions with each other giving it a definite shape; only vibrate in place
Movement of particles: move freely over and around each other making it take the shape of its container
Movement of particles: move very freely through the container it’s in taking shape and volume of container

10. Evaporation or boiling
Particles gain energy and move faster

11. Particles lose energy and move slower
Condensation

12. Particles lose energy and move slower
Freezing or
solidification

13. Sublimation example: Dry Ice
Particles gain so much energy they go straight to a gas
Particles lose so much energy they go straight to a solid
example: Dry Ice