1. The Road to a Safer Oil Patch
The oil and gas safety roundtable created this educational program, titled “The Road to a Safer Oil Patch,” to help you make safe driving a value that never gets compromised in your company. The roundtable includes representatives from
the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the Texas Oil and Gas Association, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health,
Texas Mutual Insurance Company and industry employers.
Note to trainer: The presentations in this educational program include speaker’s notes.
Disclaimer: These safety materials, resources and PowerPoint® presentations are not intended to replace your company's health and safety policies or to substitute for specific state and federal standards. We do not guarantee the absolute accuracy of the material contained within these resources. Please refer to applicable state and federal standards for regulatory compliance.

2. Acknowledgements Bandera Drilling JDW Services, Inc.
The oil and gas roundtable thanks the following companies, organizations and individuals for lending their time and expertise to this project:
Bandera Drilling
Berkely Oil and Gas
CH2M Hill
Circle III Services
Coastal Drilling Land Co.
Compass Well Services
Elaine Cullen, consultant
Hawkins Lease Service
HLI Resources
Horizon Mud Company, Inc.
Inthinc Technology Solutions
JDW Services, Inc.
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
PEC
Pinnergy, Ltd.
John Stephens, consultant
Texas Mutual Insurance Company
Texas Oil and Gas Association

3. Getting Behind the Wheel: Your Most Hazardous Job
The oilfield can be a dangerous place. We work around heavy equipment, explosive gases, strong chemicals and confined spaces. But of all the things we do on the job, the most dangerous is something most of us consider second-nature: driving.
Transition
In this short session, we will cover
Data provided in this module provided by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, unless otherwise noted.
Disclaimer: These safety materials, resources and PowerPoint® presentations are not intended to replace your company's health and safety policies or to substitute for specific state and federal standards. We do not guarantee the absolute accuracy of the material contained within these resources. Please refer to applicable state and federal standards for regulatory compliance.

4. Agenda Safe driving: Why is it important? Who is at risk?
How do we stay safe behind the wheel?
What’s next?

5. Motor Vehicle Crash Statistics
Leading cause of death in oil and gas industry
Account for 40% of fatalities
Rate is 8x higher than other industries
The motor vehicles fatality rate is 8x higher in our industry than in other industries. It’s also similar to the transportation industry’s motor vehicle accident rate.
Transition
Let’s look at some statistics around fatalities in our industry.

6. Leading Causes of Death, U.S. Oil & Gas Extraction Industry, 2003-2012
Header
This chart shows the leading causes of death in the oil and gas industry. Motor vehicle-related incidents are the leading causes, killing 433 workers during the last 10 years.
Source: BLS CFOI

7. A Growing Problem in Texas
12 motor vehicle deaths
In 2012
30 motor vehicle deaths
150% increase
Accounted for 50% of deaths
Between 2011 and 2012, the Texas oil and gas industry experienced a 150% increase in motor vehicle fatalities. The 30 accidents in 2012 represented nearly half of the 65 oil and gas workers who died on the job that year.

8. Operating a vehicle in this industry presents some unique hazards.
For example, workers often operate vehicles in isolated, rural areas, requiring them to travel long distances to get to a work site. Gravel roads like this one often lack many of the safety features found on highways, such as lighting, divided highways, shoulders, rumble strips, and guardrails.
However, 80% of the fatalities for oil and gas extraction workers occur on public highways, so we know that these roads are not necessarily the most dangerous.

9. Don’t Forget About Off-Duty Crashes
The Ratio
63 off-duty deaths to 1 on-duty death*
Factors include long commutes, fatigue, drugs and alcohol
Off-duty safety is just as important to us as your on-duty safety.
*Helmrich & Payne

10. Fatalities by Vehicle Type, Oil & Gas Extraction Industry, 2003-2009
Header
Copy
The type of vehicle involved in these fatalities most commonly is pick-up trucks.
As you may know, pick-ups are often not covered by Federal Motor Carrier Safety Admin (FMCSA) regulations, including hours of service, unless they are carrying hazardous materials. However, large numbers of pick-up trucks are used in our industry.
Retzer, Hill, Pratt, 2013

11. Why aren’t we wearing our seatbelts?
Fatalities by Seatbelt Status, Oil & Gas Extraction Industry,
Header
Copy
NIOSH analyzed all of the motor vehicle fatalities among oil and gas extraction workers. This chart shows the results of deaths by workers’ seatbelt status.
The blue part of this chart shows that 38%, or more than one-third, of oil and gas workers who died were documented to have not worn a seatbelt. Another 12% of workers who died were ejected from the vehicle, and most likely were not wearing a seatbelt. So, at least half of these workers were not protected with a seatbelt.
An even larger proportion of pick-up truck drivers were documented to NOT have their seatbelt on (59.8%) (data not shown). This was also the case for 16 - to 24-year-olds (58.3%).
The single most important thing that you can do to protect yourself from dying or being injured in a crash is to wear your seatbelt.
Note to trainer: Consider conducting a basic seatbelt survey for your workers one day. This could be the day you do this presentation. Stand in one spot as they arrive for work and record if they are wearing a seatbelt or not. Add up the number not wearing a seatbelt, divide by the total number of workers and multiply by 100.
Here is the formula:
Number of workers not wearing a seatbelt / Total number of workers observed X 100 = % of workers not protected.
Present this information to the group.
Why aren’t we wearing our seatbelts?
Retzer, Hill, Pratt

12. Other Factors in Deaths
Speed
Falling asleep at the wheel
Less than 1 year with employer
Working for small company (fewer than 20 workers)
In addition to not wearing a seatbelt, speed and falling asleep at the wheel were noted as contributing factors in some crashes.
The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) found that workers from small companies (<20 workers) were 4x more likely to die in a motor vehicle crash as workers from larger companies (>100 workers). We think that these small companies have fewer resources in terms of safety programs and less experience with safety. In addition, these companies may be under more pressure to get the job done quickly in order to keep contracts.
More than half of the workers whose length of service was reported had less than one year of service with their current employer.

13. Other Possible Factors
24/7 business
Lack of health and safety resources
Driver distraction
Vehicle conditions
Road conditions
Here are some other factors that we believe played a role in worker deaths.

14. A key issue is fatigue for oil and gas extraction workers who work long hours and commute long distances. Your employer is responsible for providing the tools you need to stay safe. Ultimately, you are personally accountable.
This single-vehicle crash involved two oil and gas workers on their way from Texas to North Dakota. The passenger was sleeping in the back, and the driver fell asleep, causing the vehicle to leave the roadway. The truck ran into the guardrail, which entered through the driver’s floorboard and exited out the rear window, impaling the truck. Fortunately, the workers sustained only minor injuries, but this crash highlights several important issues.
The long commute for these workers to get to their job required them to travel across 5 states, posing additional driving risks to these workers.
Fatigue was determined to be the cause of this crash and is likely a contributor to many oilfield crashes.
If the truck had not crashed, the driver would have arrived to work fatigued, potentially putting him and his co-workers at risk of injury on the job.
What can be done to prevent motor vehicle deaths?
Workers should wear their seatbelt every time they ride in a vehicle. Employers should have zero tolerance for employees who fail to wear their seat belt or drive while distracted.
Workers should take the initiative to pull over if they are too tired to drive.
Employers should avoid requiring workers to drive irregular hours or to extend their work day far beyond their normal work hours as a result of driving responsibilities.
Employers should empower drivers, much like they do other workers, to stop the job (or in this case stop their vehicle) if they are fatigued or encounter hazardous driving conditions. More about fatigue will be discussed in a later module.
Transition
So what types of motor vehicle safety programs have worked in the oilfield?

15. Effective Interventions Description of programs
In-Vehicle Monitoring Systems (GPS)
Record driving behaviors: speeding, harsh acceleration/braking, night driving, etc.
Journey Management
Program that minimizes unnecessary trips, distances driven and risks with necessary trips
Driver Training and Qualification
Classroom and hands-on, defensive driving, winter driving, driving simulators, etc.
Management Systems
Company policies (include rewards and penalties), accident review committees
Driver Fitness and Alertness (e.g. Fatigue)
Medical examinations, contracting of hotels, driver rest evaluation, fatigue management training
Seatbelts
Seatbelt convincer, observations, IVMS
Distracted Driving
Cell phone policies, passenger observations, 800 numbers
Point out that there is a good deal of overlap between these programs. We will learn more about these programs in future presentations.

16. What’s Next? Seatbelts Distracted driving Fatigued drivers
Your best protection in a crash
Distracted driving
It’s more than cell phones
Fatigued drivers
Sleep debt is cumulative
Here is an overview of the other topics we will cover in this training program.

17. What’s Next? Defensive driving Journey Management
You can control your attitude
Journey Management
Planning your trip
Here is an overview of the other topics we will cover in this training program.

18. What’s Next? In-Vehicle Monitoring Systems Risk tolerance
Identify risky driving behaviors
Risk tolerance
Is the payoff worth the risk?
Here is an overview of the other topics we will cover in this training program.

19. Recap Motor vehicle incidents are the leading cause of death
50% involved no seatbelts
Other factors: fatigue, speeding, distractions, “Git ’er done” mentality
Not just doing it for you…
Remember, you’re not just doing this for yourself.

20. You’re Also Doing it for Your Family
Remember, you’re not just doing this for yourself.

21. Recap
You have the power to protect yourself.

22. Questions