1. Mono-ADP-ribosylation cycle and the corresponding products of protein mono-ADP-ribosylation.
Mono-ADP-ribosylation cycle and the corresponding products of protein mono-ADP-ribosylation. (A) Mono-ADP-ribosyl transferases catalyze the transfer of the ADP-ribose moiety of NAD+ to an acceptor molecule (free amino acids, proteins, DNA, and RNA, etc.). The action of mono-ADP-ribosyl-amino acid hydrolases, which regenerate the corresponding free acceptor molecule, is consistent with the presence of a mono-ADP-ribosylation cycle. (B) The transferase-catalyzed reaction of protein mono-ADP-ribosylation results in a stereo-specific formation of Ω-N-(C-1-ADP-ribosyl)-l-arginine, ε-N-(C-1-ADP-ribosyl)-l-asparagine, ω-N-(C-1-ADP-ribosyl)-l-diphtamide, γ-S-(C-1-ADP-ribosyl)-l-cysteine, ε-O-(C-1-ADP-ribosyl)-l-glutamate, δ-O-(C-1-ADP-ribosyl)-l-aspartate, or O-(ADP-ribosyl)-l-phosphoserine.
Paul O. Hassa et al. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 2006; doi: /MMBR