1. Crime and the Media
What do Americans believe about Crime and the Justice System?
Where and how do they develop these beliefs?
What are the consequences of these beliefs?

2. Criminology vs. Other Science
How many “crime related” T.V. shows can you name off the top of your head?
Crime and the CJS on T.V. news or newspapers?
Crime and the CJS in movies and fiction books?
How does this compare to biology, psychology, or physics?

3. Who Cares?
People get information about most things from television, newspapers
BUT—with regard to crime, the question becomes, “How accurately does the media reflect crime, criminals, and the criminal justice system?”
“Back stage” behavior

4. Sources of Media Bias—or “Reasons for Skepticism”
Newspapers and T.V. news
Crime in general captures audiences
Violent crime, especially stranger violence
“If it bleeds it leads”
Politicians
“Get tough” on crime = political payoff
Entertainment
Need for “excitement” belies accurate portrayal of criminals and criminal justice system
Think “COPS”

5. Types of Distortion Creation of “crime waves”
Attention to violent crime
What about “white collar crime?”
Creating/Spreading Crime Myths
Halloween psychopaths
The Serial Killer Epidemic
Satanic Daycare

6. 2011 Class Survey: Crime Trends
In the past 10, has crime increased, decreased, or remained stable?
46% said crime has increased
How many murders occur in the U.S. in any given year?
Mean (average) = 44,472
Actual = 13,500

7. Class Survey: Percent agree for crime trends

8. Class Survey: Percent agree for crime trends

12. What percent of homicide caused by serial killers?

13. What percent of those found guilty had a trial (not plea)?

14. What percent of those found guilty had a trial (not plea)?

15. What percent of those found guilty had a trial (not plea)?

16. Children poisoned with Halloween candy in past 20 years?

17. Children poisoned with Halloween candy in past 20 years?

18. Children abducted by stranger in typical year in U.S.

19. Children abducted by stranger in typical year in U.S.

20. Class Survey: Myths Halloween, strangers with bad candy
43% yes
Percent of murders by serial killers?
Average = 12% (actual about 2%)
Random child abductions
Average = 12,000 (actual less than 300)

21. Operation of the Criminal Justice System
What is the nature of police work? How effective are police?
What is “profiling” and how many cases are solved using this technique?
What typically happens after arrest?
What are prisons like?
How often are criminals “let go” because of “loopholes” in the system?

22. Class Survey Answers: The Criminal Justice System
Percent found guilty by jury trial? 40%
Actual = Less than 10% of felonies, less than 5% of all crimes
Percent of police time fighting crime? 30%
Not too bad….nice work.
Is “profiling” an effective way to catch serial killers? 73% yes
Remember the “sniper” case folks?
Behavioral Science Unit of FBI?

23. Media and Crime: Summary
Tendency to distort reality:
Political rhetoric
If it bleeds it leads (other types of crime?)
Overemphasis on crime (crime waves)
An “effective” criminal justice system
Why is any of this important
Dorthy and W.I. Thomas (1928), if people believe it, it is “real in its consequences.”

24. Fear of Crime Why is “fear of crime” important?
How fearful are Americans?
Are some Americans more fearful than others?
Structural Factors (size of town/city)
Individual Factors (age, race, gender)

25. Class Survey, % Afraid of Victimization by Gender

26. Seriousness of Criminal Events
Why important?
General trend here is agreement across groups
But, some differences exist
What about “White Collar Crime?”

27. Attitudes Towards Punishment
When polling questions are broad/general, it appears that Americans are punitive and punishment oriented:
Do you support the death penalty for convicted murderers? (75% yes)
In general, do you think the courts in this country deal too harshly or not harshly enough with criminals? (80% not harsh enough). (Our Class = 50% not harsh enough)
Consistency across race, class, other factors
BUT: Adding complexity to the questions affects answers

28. More Complex Questions
Class Survey Responses
Do you support the Death Penalty?
64%
If given the option of “life without parole?“
54%
Applegate, Cullen, Turner and Sundt (1996)
3 Strikes legislation
90% of Ohio residents supported 3 Strikes in general
Only 17% choose life in prison as a punishment when given specific cases

29. What about “Rehabilitation” or Prevention?
Again, public attitudes are complex
Does the public want their pound of flesh?
YES, believe in retribution and deterrence
Does the public also want rehabilitation?
YES, especially for drug/property offenses
Is the public willing to use tax dollars for prevention?
YES

30. Feature Presentation (If Time)
4 Things to Watch for:
Ideology (not my primary reason for showing)
BUT, very ideological movie
Role of media
Fear of crime
What is the central question of the movie?
This is a question we will address in “theory”