1. Warmup 6/5
What do you think was the most significant cause of tension before the war?
Why?

2. Logistics
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Turn-in Deadline for ALL WORK and REMAKES is June 21st

3. Notes: The War Begins

4. Notes: The Assassination
Archduke Franz Ferdinand was assassinated on June 28th, 1914.
For 4 weeks, the Austrians did nothing.
Austria was busy making sure Germany would support if it came to war with Russia.
On July 6th, Germany assured Austria they would support any action Austria took.

5. Notes: The Ultimatum
On July 23rd, Austro-Hungary issued an ultimatum to Serbia
Demanded Austrian oversight over the trials of any Serb suspected of helping Austria’s enemies.
Serbia accepted some of the ultimatum but rejected other parts.

6. Notes: Crisis
Austria and Serbia began mobilizing against each other on July 25th.
Russia began “partial” mobilizing the same day.
Germany and Britain tried several times to avoid crisis but failed.
Austria declared war on Serbia on July 28th

7. Notes: War
On July 30th, Russia declared full mobilization on Germany and Austria.
Germany offered one last time: if Russia stayed out, so would Germany. Russia refused
Germany declared war on Russia and France the next day.

8. Notes: The War Plans
Everyone thought the war would be over in 4 months.
Every nation had a plan to end the war that quickly.
They all failed.

9. Germany: The Schlieffen Plan
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10. Notes: The Schlieffen Plan
Germany wanted to avoid the strong forts of the French frontier
They decided to invade through Belgium—a neutral country
The plan was to crush France quickly and then turn to Russia

11. France: Plan XVII (17) France:
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(17:00-19:00)
(22:45-24:40)

12. Notes: Plan XVII (17)
France believed that attacking was the key to victory.
Its plan was to attack with all its forces towards Germany “no matter the circumstances.”

13. Notes: Russian Steamroller
Russia’s army was huge
It knew Germany would invade France first
It would race troops to the German front to support France
Meanwhile, the great weight of its army would slowly pound down on Austro-Hungary

14. Notes: Defense Wins
The plans failed because it was easier to fight defense than offense in 1914.
Technologies like barbed wire, machine guns, and high-angle artillery were more of an advantage for defenders.
And yet the armies all swore that attacking would be the key to victory.