1. Scientific Method and More

2. Defining Science Science – “to know” Pure Science
research that adds to the body of scientific knowledge
has no practical use
Applied Science (Technology)
the practical application of scientific knowledge

3. Defining Science PURE APPLIED human genetics polymer science
atomic theory
study of the human ear
APPLIED
DNA fingerprinting
Lycra® spandex
nuclear weapons
hearing aids

4. 3 main areas of science 1. Biology The study of ____________________
2. Physical science
3. Earth science

5. Some Science Terms
Hypothesis – an _____________ guess, a _______________ about what you think WILL happen
Theory– explanation of things or events that is based on _______________ gained from many observations
Examples:
Scientific __________– statement about how things work in nature that seems to be true all the time.

6. Scientific Method Organized set of investigation procedures.
To find the answer to a ______________.

7. Scientific Method 1. State the Problem
Gather Information on the problem
3. Form a Hypothesis
4. Perform the Experiment
5. Record and Analyze Data
6. State a Conclusion
***** Repeat the Work *****

8. Variables Variable– literally means “something __________________”
Independent Variable – the variable the experimenter controls and changes in an experiment …. Graphed on the ___-axis
Problem: How does light effect the growth of tulips?
IV: the amount of light
given to the tulips

9. Experiment setup
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4

10. Dependent Variable– the thing you _________________ in an experiment (this changes because of the independent variable)… plotted on the y-axis of a graph
Problem: How does light effect the growth of tulips?
DV: the growth
of the tulip
(height)

11. Control– set up exactly like the experiment, but has no ________________ variable in it (also called “control group”)
_________________– these are factors that are kept THE SAME among all experimental groups.
Same amount of water, same type of plant, same amount of plant food, same type of soil, same size container, etc.

12. Try this…
Problem: Which laundry detergent cleans grass stains out of jeans better?
Hypothesis: _____________ will clean grass stains out of jeans better than ____________________.
IV:
DV:
Constants:

13. Any Questions? Get with a partner!
Problem: Which type of mouthwash kills bacteria better?
Hypothesis: (make sure it encompasses both the IV and the DV)
IV:
DV:
Constants:
How would a control group be set up?

14. Graphs
Line Graph
Used for showing changes that occur in related variables
________________ variable plotted on x-axis
_________________ variable plotted on y-axis
Can be directly proportional
Or inversely proportional

15. Graphing
2. Bar Graphs
Used to compare a set of measurements, amounts of changes
3. Circle Graph or Pie Charts
A _______ divided to show
how a part of something
relates to the __________