1. Callus Formation in Vitro and in Nature
Callus Formation in Vitro and in Nature.(A) Callus formed under in vitro culture condition.
Callus Formation in Vitro and in Nature.(A) Callus formed under in vitro culture condition. The Arabidopsis seedling was cultured on CIM from germination and the photograph was taken after 30 d.(B) Callus induced at the wound site. The Arabidopsis leaf was partly cut by fine scissors, and the photograph was taken after 6 d.(C) Tumors induced by bacterial infection. The wounded Arabidopsis inflorescence stalk was inoculated with the gram-negative bacteria Agrobacterium strain C58. The black arrow indicates an unorganized cell mass, called crown gall, developing after 30 d from inoculation (Eckardt, 2006).(D) Two-week-old galls on gypsophila cuttings inoculated with P. agglomerans pv gypsophilae (Pag) or P. agglomerans pv betae (Pab) (Barash and Manulis-Sasson, 2007).(E) Longitudinal section of a gall that developed by WTVs on the shoot of sweet clover (Lee, 1955).(F) Genetic tumors induced by interspecific crosses between Nicotiana glauca and Nicotiana langsdorffii. Arrowheads indicate callus growing on the F1 hybrid plant (Udagawa et al. 2004).Bars = 1 mm in (A) and (F) and 500 μm in (B). (Image in[C]reprinted fromEckardt [2006], Figure 1Bcourtesy of Rosalia Deeken;[D]is reprinted fromBarash and Manulis-Sasson [2007], Figure 1with permission from Elsevier;[E]is reprinted fromLee [1955], Figure 9 with permission from Botanical Society of America;[F]is reprinted fromUdagawa et al. [2004], Figure 4Awith permission from Oxford University Press.)‏
Momoko Ikeuchi et al. Plant Cell 2013;25:
©2013 by American Society of Plant Biologists