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Fig. 4 Current (baseline) spawning habitat suitability for Atlantic cod and Polar cod in the Seas of Norden. Current (baseline) spawning habitat suitability for Atlantic cod and Polar cod in the Seas of Norden. (A) Atlantic cod; (B) Polar cod. Spawning habitat suitability is expressed as PES (%PES, color coded) by combining experimental survival data (Fig. 3) with WOA13 temperature fields (1° × 1°, upper 50 m of shelf seas) for the baseline period 1984–2005. Values are averaged over spawning seasons (Atlantic cod: March to May; Polar cod: December to March) and referenced against locations where spawning has been documented [yellow dashed areas (13, 33)]. The spatial extent of thermally suitable spawning habitat (PES > 90%) is typically larger than the “realized spawning habitat” because other limiting factors are not considered. Dotted magenta lines indicate the respective seasonal sea-ice edge positions (defined as areas with ice concentrations > 70%; note that sea-ice edge various slightly between species due to varying species-specific spawning seasons). Flemming T. Dahlke et al. Sci Adv 2018;4:eaas8821 Copyright © 2018 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).
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