1. Friendly Alert: Listening Quiz # 2 Tuesday, 16 April 2019
Written Test # 2 Thursday, 18 April 2019
both cover Indonesia and Africa
9 April Day 35
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2. LISTENING QUIZ # 3 Comprehensive (anything studied this semester)
Friendly Alert # 2:
FINAL EXAM (written) Thursday, 25 April :00 am - 9:50 pm
Includes
LISTENING QUIZ # 3 Comprehensive (anything studied this semester)
9 April Day 35
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3. Africa / Ewe, Mande, Dagbamba, Shona, BaAka (cont’d)
MUL World Music
Titon – Chapter 3
Africa / Ewe, Mande, Dagbamba, Shona, BaAka (cont’d)
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4. General African Music Traits
Emphasis on Rhythm
Use of Percussion
Density of Timbre (“buzzy sound”)
Use of Ostinato
Use of interlocking parts
Call and Response
Controlled Improvisation

5. Drums Most important African Instrument (perhaps)
Multiple types, performance techniques, etc. - unique to broad regions, tribal groups
Cross cultural influences and usages - especially w/ “West” (Europe, US, etc.)

6. Djembe from Sengal

7. Senegal

8. Ghana

9. Ewe Tribal areas

10. Anlo-Ewe Tribe Primarily southern coastal Ghana
Hierarchically organized society - tribal chiefs (regional and local) - age groups (local groups of similar ages)
Dance Clubs (social identifiers, e.g., towns) - led by committees (hierarchical) - ensembles reflect social organization
Semi-professional (cf. neither Pygmy / Mande)
Interlocking Parts (cooperative group)

11. Drums from Eastern Ghana

12. Gangkogui (timeline)

13. Axatse (timeline)

14. Atsimevu (leader)

15. Sogo, Kidi, Kaganu (left to right)

16. Anlo-Ewe Drum Ensemble
MUL World Music
Anlo-Ewe Drum Ensemble
Gangokui (clapperless double bell) - TIMELINE
Axatse (rattle – external beads on fishnet) - TIMELINE
Atsimevu (largest drum, often on stand) - LEAD
Kaganu (medium small, semi-independent)
Sogo (small, 2-1/2 ft closed, hand, follower)
Kidi (small, 2 ft closed, sticks, follower)
See dancedrummer.com for examples
Ex.: Agbekor Ewe Music and Dance
Ex.: Ewe Traditional Dance at Dagbe
Ex.: Ewe Drumming in Ghana: Agbadza
Ex.: Cultural dance in Africa performed by Ewe tribe
Ex.:Akrowa Dance/Drum Ensemble - Kokrobite Ghana
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17. Benin & Nigeria; and Ghana

18. Dagomba Tribal Region

19. Yoruba Tribal region

20. Yoruba “Talking Drum” or Dagomba “Lunga”

21. “Talking Drums” Ayan Bisi Adeleke - Master talking drummer
The talking drum-Donno.mpg-Kwame Ansah-Brew
Drums of Dagbon
Drums of Dagbon Pt. 2 - Ghana, West Africa

22. General African Music Traits
Emphasis on Rhythm
Use of Percussion
Density of Timbre (“buzzy sound”)
Use of Ostinato
Use of interlocking parts
Call and Response
Controlled Improvisation

23. Africa (political)
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24. Popular Music in Africa (mainly Nigeria & West Coast)
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25. Ex. Yaw Ofori Singing Band: "Bopra-Pa"
Yaw Ofori Singing Band (recorded by Union Trading Company [UTC] in 1940s?)
Ex. Yaw Ofori Singing Band: "Bopra-Pa"
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26. Ramblers Dance Band (Ghana “Highlife”, c. 1950s?)
Ex. The Ramblers Dance Band - "Agyanka Dabre"
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27. E.T. Mensah and his Tempos Band (Ghana, c. 1955) “King of Highlife”
Ex. "Muntum" Ex. "Ghana Guinea Mali"
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28. I. K. Dairo (1930-1996) Late 1950s – nationalism
Pan-Tribal influences (Yoruba)
Talking Drum
Emphasis on Rhythm
Morning Star Orchestra
Blue Spots (1960s)
“Ju ju” (= Nigerian popular)
Ex. "Salome"

29. Jújú Yoruba-based music (tribe of SW Nigeria)
Emerges in 1930s w/ trios - a leader who sang and played the banjo - a shekere bottle-gourd rattle player - a jùjú (tambourine) drummer
1948 – addition of Yoruba talking drum
King Sunny’s Band (large lineup, up to 16+) 5-8 guitars, 2+ Talking drums, synthesizer(s), pedal steel guitar, miscellaneous percussion, 4 or more backup singers
“Jújú Music” (Island Records, 1982) -200,000 copies sold [replacement for Bob Marley]
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30. King Sunny Adé (b. 1946) “Minister of Enjoyment”
“Golden Mercury of Africa”
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31. King Sunny and his African Beats
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32. Highlife, JuJu, Afrobeat (Nigerian Pop)
"Taxi Driver" - A Highlife Classic
West African Highlife Band / Nigerian Brothers
Juju Tempo Tola Osumare
I.K. Dairo MBE (documentary clip)
King Sunny Ade (60th Birthday celebration)
Sunny Ade - "Ja Funmi"
King Sunny Ade - "Ja Funmi" (Waka Version)
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33. Fela Kuti ( )

34. Fela’s life
Middle-Class Nigerian family - Mother – Feminist & Anti-colonialist - Father – Minister & Teacher (Union Pres.)
London (1958) to study medicine, then music
Koola Lobitos (mixes jazz, funk, highlife)
Nigeria ( ) radio producer
United States (1969) – influenced by Black Power movement
Bands: Nigeria ’70, Africa ‘70

35. Fela Kuti at “Kalakuta Republic”
Founded 1970
Commune, recording studio, home for band
Declares “independence” from Nigeria
1974 Raid “Expensive Sh—”
1977 Attack (“Zombie”) – compound destroyed, Fela beaten, Mother killed

36. Fela’s life 1978 – marries 27 women (dancers in band)
Accra concert in Ghana (riots after “Zombie”)
1979 – runs for president of Nigeria (“Movement of the People” Party)
Band: Egypt ‘80
1980s – tours (US, Europe, etc.)
1984 – jailed (currency smuggling)
1997 – dies of complications of AIDS

37. Fela’s Music Afro Beat (his term) – jazz, funk, highlife
Large horn line, African percussion, etc.
Long (10-minute songs) static dance grooves - ostinato patterns - call & response - improvisation
Political lyrics (pan-Africanism)
Sings in Pidgin English (why?)

38. Fela Kuti - "Gentleman" (1973)
I no be gentleman at all [repeat 3x] [Chorus] I no be gentleman at all o! I be Africa man original [repeat] Them call you, make you come chop You chop small, you say you belly full You say you be gentleman You go hungry You go suffer You go quench Me I no be gentleman like that [Chorus] I no be gentleman at all o! I be Africa man original [repeat 2x] You dey go your way, the jeje way Somebody come bring original trouble You no talk, you no act You say you be gentleman You go suffer You go tire You go quench Me I no be gentleman like that
[Chorus] I no be gentleman at all o! I be Africa man original [repeat] Africa hot, I like am so I know what to wear but my friends don't know Him put him socks, him put him shoe Him put him pant, him put him singlet Him put him trouser, him put him shirt Him put him tie, him put him coat Him come cover all with him hat Him be gentleman Him go sweat all over Him go faint right down Him go smell like sh-- Him go p--- for body, him no go know Me I no be gentleman like that [Chorus] I no be gentleman at all o! I be Africa man original [repeat] |I no be gentleman at all, at all I be Africa man original [repeat]
Fela Kuti - "Gentleman" (1973)

39. “Zombie” (1976) Fela Kuti- "Zombie" (1976) Zombie O' Zombie
Zombie no go, unless you tell them to go
Zombie no stop, unless you tell them to stop
Zombie no go turn, unless you tell them to turn
Zombie no go think, unless you tell them to think
Tell them to go straight
No break, no job, no sense
Tell them to go kill
Tell them to go quench [destroy]
Without thought of us
Go and Kill
Go and Die
Go and Quench [Destroy]
ATTENTION
Zombie O' Zombie
Quick march
Slow march
Left turn
Right turn
About turn
Double time
Salute
Open your hat
Stand at ease
Fall in
Fall out
Fall down
Get ready
HA-LT
OR-DER
Zombie O' Zombie Zombie no go, unless you tell them to go
DIS-MISS
Fela Kuti- "Zombie" (1976)

40. Fela on YouTube Fela Kuti - Lady Fela Kuti - Gentleman
Fela Kuti - Zombie – YouTube
Fela in performance (1971)
Fela Kuti & Africa 70 - Pansa Pansa - FULL HD (Berlin 1978)
Compare to James Brown (1970s: “Funk”) “Hardest Working Man in Show Business” - Hardest Working Man in Show Business...James Brown! – YouTube - JAMES BROWN GREATEST DANCE MOVES EVER-THERE WAS A TIME LIVE - YouTube - YouTube - james brown,say it loud i'm black and i'm proud