1. Revolution in Russia
14.1

2. Resisting Change Czar Alexander III has autocracy (total power)
Strict censorship
High schools & universities secretly watched
Private letters read
Russian only language allowed
Czar Nicholas continues Alexander III’s policies

3. Russia Industrializes
Industrialization brings problems (wages, child labor, poor conditions, etc.)
Unions outlawed – workers strike
Karl Marx’s philosophies become popular
Proletariats (workers) would rule the country
Bolshevik = radical Russian revolutionary
Lenin becomes leader of Bolsheviks
Energetic, great personality, organizer, ruthless
Flees to western Europe to avoid arrest

4. Russo-Japanese War
Russia & Japan want control of Korea and Manchuria
Russia violates agreements – goes to war w/Japan
Japan wins many battles – leads to unrest in Russia

5. Bloody Sunday
In January 1905, 200,000 workers peacefully go to czar’s palace w/petition requesting better conditions and freedom
Soldiers fire on crowd
Riots and strikes occur
Nicholas creates Duma (parliament)
Duma dissolves in 10 weeks

6. World War I Russia’s entrance in WWI = mistake
Military or economy can’t handle it
Germany destroys Russia – 4 mil. Russians die
Nicholas goes to war front to inspire troops
His wife, Czarina Alexandra, runs government
She ignores advisers and follows Rasputin (mystic, holy-man)
Rasputin eases pain of son (suffers from hemophilia) – reward = make gvt. decisions

7. Lenin Returns
Germans sneak Lenin back – Germany hopes he’ll hurt Russian war effort
Slogan = Peace, Land, and Bread
Lenin gains control of government – gives land to peasants, control of factories to workers
Signs treaty w/Germany to end WWI

8. Russian Civil War Bolsheviks face resistance at home
Red Army vs. White Army
Red Army = Bolsheviks
White Army = against Red Army (very disorganized, many different groups)
Leon Trotsky commands Red Army
Red Army wins despite western help to White Army