1. Temporal Data
Part V

2. Temporal Data Types DATE TIMESTAMP Century Year Month Day Hour Minute
Second AM
TIMESTAMP
Includes DATE Plus
Fractional Seconds
0 to 9 – default is 6 AM

3. Temporal Functions TO_DATE(string [, format])
TO_TIMESTAMP(string [, format])
TO_CHAR(temporal_data [, format])

4. Date and Time Formats

5. Date and Time Formats

6. Date and Time Formats

7. Date and Time Formats

8. Back to the Functions SELECT to_char(sysdate, 'DD-MON-YYYY') FROM dual
18-JUL-2019
SELECT to_date('25-DEC :25:23', 'DD-MON-YYYY HH24:MI:SS')
FROM dual
12/25/2019 3:25:23 PM

9. More Functions ADD_MONTHS(date_value, months) CURRENT_DATE
Adds months to date_value. Add negative months to subtract.
CURRENT_DATE
Returns the current date and time as a DATE value
SELECT add_months(sysdate, -2)
FROM dual
5/18/2019 7:28:26 PM
SELECT current_date
FROM dual
7/18/2019 7:30:18 PM

10. More Functions LAST_DAY(date_value)
Computes the last day of the month in which the given date_value falls.
MONTHS_BETWEEN(later_date, earlier_date)
Calculates the number of months between the two given dates.
SELECT last_day(sysdate)
FROM dual
7/31/2019 7:35:13 PM
SELECT months_between(sysdate, to_date('15-JAN-1968', 'DD-MON-YYYY'))
FROM dual
618

11. More Functions NEXT_DAY(date, weekday) SYSDATE
Returns the date of the next specified weekday following the given date.
SYSDATE
Returns the current date and time from the operating system on which the database resides as a DATE value
SELECT next_day(sysdate, 'WED')
FROM dual
7/24/2019 7:40:06 PM
SELECT sysdate
FROM dual
7/18/2019 7:41:37 PM

12. Date Addition
A number added to a date is assumed by the system to be a number of days.
Convert what you want to add to days
Add 20 minutes to sysdate:
SELECT sysdate + 7
FROM dual
7/25/2019 7:44:36 PM
SELECT sysdate + (20/1440)
FROM dual
7/18/2019 8:05:28 PM
60 min/hr * 24 hours in a day = 1440

13. Rounding & Truncating Dates
You can round or truncate a date to a specific minute, hour, day, week, quarter, year or century with ROUND or TRUNC respectively.
SELECT round(sysdate, 'HH')
FROM dual
7/18/2019 8:00:00 PM
SELECT trunc(sysdate, 'HH')
FROM dual
7/15/2019 7:00:00 PM

14. Rounding & Truncating Dates

15. Rounding & Truncating Dates

16. Rounding & Truncating Dates
SELECT *
FROM sprhold
WHERE trunc(sprhold_activity_date) = to_date('09-APR-2019', 'DD-MON-YYYY')

17. Questions?