1. Inquiry Question
How did African countries gain independence and what were the effects of this process?

2. Effects of Colonialism: European Rule
Types of rule:
Direct rule common
Indirect rule common
Problems with rule:
Limited African autonomy
Created division between Africans
Encouraged mistreatment of native Africans
Encouraged violence against colonial rule
Example of indirect rule—Africans made to look still in power

3. Effects of Colonialism: Treatment of Natives
European view of treatment:
European actions for the good of the native Africans
Brought order among conflict and chaos
Brought infrastructure to Africans
Improved economy of Africans
African view of treatment:
Treatment was oppressive
Use of slavery
Increased poverty
Prevented from owning property
Natives in Congo turned into slaves to work for Belgians

4. Effects of Colonialism: Assimilation
European view of assimilation:
European culture better
Africans should adopt European culture
Africans could advance thru assimilation
African view of assimilation:
African culture suppressed by European culture
Assimilation was akin to oppression
Algerian children learning French

5. Effects of Colonialism: Land Use
European view of land use:
African countries undeveloped
Europeans could help by taking and developing
Actions were for good of Africans
African view of land use:
Europeans essentially stole African lands
Limited land for Africans to live on
Limited land for Africans to farm
African land taken to make way for developments such as Ugandan Railway