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Intravenous milrinone in cardiac surgery

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1 Intravenous milrinone in cardiac surgery
Jerrold H Levy, MD, James M Bailey, MD, PhD, G.Michael Deeb, MD  The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  Volume 73, Issue 1, Pages (January 2002) DOI: /S (01)

2 Fig 1 Changes in cardiac index (CI) after intravenous administration of milrinone (MIL) after separation from cardiopulmonary bypass. Data are shown as the mean ± the standard deviation. Cardiac index increased significantly from baseline (time 0) to 5 and 10 minutes in all milrinone-treated groups and was significantly higher at 5 and 10 minutes than in the control group. No significant changes were observed in the control group. (* = p < 0.05 versus baseline; † = p < 0.05 versus control group.) (Reprinted from Kikura M, Levy JH, Michelsen LO, et al. The effect of milrinone on hemodynamics and left ventricular function after emergence from cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth Analg 1995;81:783–92 [17], with permission.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (01) )

3 Fig 2 Changes in velocity of circumferential fiber shortening corrected for heart rate (Vcfc) after intravenous administration of milrinone (MIL) after separation from cardiopulmonary bypass. Data are shown as the mean ± the standard deviation. The velocity of circumferential fiber shortening increased significantly from baseline (time 0) to 5 and 10 minutes in all milrinone-treated groups and was significantly higher at 5 and 10 minutes than in the control group. No significant changes were observed in the control group. (* = p < 0.05 versus baseline; † = p < 0.05 versus control group.) (Reprinted from Kikura M, Levy JH, Michelsen LO, et al. The effect of milrinone on hemodynamics and left ventricular function after emergence from cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth Analg 1995;81:783–92 [17], with permission.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (01) )

4 Fig 3 Average concentration–response curves for inamrinone, enoximone, milrinone, and papaverine after precontraction with 10−8 mol/L U46619 (a thromboxane A2 analogue) in human internal mammary artery (IMA) ring segments (n = 6 per group). Horizontal bars indicate the concentrations necessary to produce 50% relaxation. Data are shown as the mean ± the standard deviation. Milrinone was the most potent of the IMA vasodilators. (Modified version of a figure from Salmenpera M, Levy JH. The in vitro effects of phosphodiesterase inhibitors on the human internal mammary artery. Anesth Analg 1996;82:954–7 [20], with permission.) The Annals of Thoracic Surgery  , DOI: ( /S (01) )

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