1. AIM: WHAT WERE THE SOCIAL FOUNDATIONS OF
ANCIENT ROME? 1 1 1

2. How is the geographic location of Rome imperative to it’s development?2

3. 3.How can geography impact the growth of a civilization?ts .c o
“Not without reason did gods and men choose this spot for the site of our city— the hills, the river to bring us produce from the inland regions and seaborne commerce from abroad, the sea itself, near enough for convenience yet not so near as to bring danger from foreign fleets, our situation in the very heart of Italy—all these advantages make it of all places in the world the best for a city destined to grow great.” Livy
1. What did Livy mean when he wrote that Rome's location was chosen by "gods and men“?
2. Why did Livy believe that the Tiber River & Mediterranean Sea were beneficial to Rome?
3.How can geography impact the growth of a civilization? 3 3

4. HOW DID GEOGRAPHY HELP
DEVELOP ROME? 4 4 4

6. I. GEOGRAPHY a. Located on a peninsula/ b. 3 surrounding islands.
c. Located near the Tiber River built on 7 hills for protection.
d. Strategic location, center of trade and commerce.
I. GEOGRAPHY 6 6 6

7. 7

8. II.FOUNDATIONS OF ROME
–1000 BCE: Indo-Europeans migrate to Rome (spoke Latin)
BCE :Greeks and Etruscans migrate to Italy
3. Etruscans turned Rome into a city
4. Greek culture blended into Rome (Greco-Roman Culture)
5. Art, architecture, literature, alphabet, olives and grapes all transferred to Rome
BCE: Romans drive out foreigners, begin independent rule

10. 10

12. AIM: HOW DID ROME METAMORPHOSE
INTO A REPUBLIC? 12 12

13. "The Senate and People of Rome"
Before 509 B.C., a king ruled Rome. Then, the city established the Roman Republic with power divided among 3 branches of government.
Why do you think the Romans wanted to govern themselves in this way?

14. a. ROMAN REPUBLIC 1. Landowners and aristocrats had the power.
man senate was center of government.
3. Senators were patricians (a member of one of the original citizen families of ancient Rome).

16. 4. 2 Consuls elected annually (they are chief civil and military magistrates)
5. Tribune charged with protection of lives and property of plebeians (commoner).

18. B. SOCIAL CLASSES
1)Patricians: aristocrats, landowners, senators, MOST POWER.
2)Plebeians: common people: Little say in gov’t, no intermarriage,
had their own assembly.
3) The pater familias—eldest male of the family ruled.
a. Women wielded considerable influence w/in their families
b. Many women supervised family business & wealthy estates.

20. C. LAW CODE
1. 451: Twelve Tables were a system of laws that were created to organize prosecution for crimes and trials.
2. Also used to protect plebeians from abusive patricians, and they also used judges.
e. MILITARY
1. Romans skilled in battle and allies can become citizens, had superior discipline, high values, courage.
2. Phalanx was used and the Roman Legion consisted of men.