1. The Industrial Revolution
Life before and the how and why of the changes

2. I. Life Before 9 of 10 people live in rural areas
Most are subsistence farmers
Villages all contained public lands (“commons” where people could graze cattle and gather sticks for fire)
Small upper class, large lower class, small middle class
½ of people live to age 21, life expectancy = 40

3. Ahhhhh…. Bucolic village life!

4. Life Before . . .

5. II. Where the Revolution Began
Changes began in England about 1750
Enclosure movement – common lands were taken over for private farm use
Production rose
Villagers were forced to go to cities to find work

6. Enclosed!
Enclosed!
Enclosed!

7. III. Why the Revolution Began
Mmm! Fish & Chips!
More food = more population = more workers!
Population grew from 5 million in 1700 to 40 million in 1900
Exploration (colonies, trade and raw materials) and large scale farming = more money = more investments!
Remember me???

8. III. Why the Revolution Began
Scientific Revolution led to many new technologies (most based on water or steam power)
England had lots of natural resources like:
Rivers to run water mills
Coal and iron