1. Seeing periodic trends in the elements
The Periodic Table
Seeing periodic trends in the elements

2. Naming Ionic Compounds
There are two types of ionic compound, depending on the metal in the compound Type 1 compounds contain a metal with an invariant charge (group 1A 2A and 3A, and some TMs) Type 2 compounds contain a metal with a charge that can differ in different compounds (TMs)

3. Metals whose charge is invariant from one compound to another
Type I metals
Metals whose charge is invariant from one compound to another

4. Type II metal ions
Some metals that form more than one type of ion and their common charges

5. Polyatomic Cations There is only one that we will consider
Ammonium Ion NH4+

6. Some common monoatomic anions

7. Some common polyatomic anions

8. Naming Oxyanions Oxyanions contain a central nonmetal bonded to oxygen
To name these we pay attention to the number of O atoms in the anion
If there are 2 ions in the series, the one with more O atoms ends –ate, and the one with the fewer O atoms end –ite
NO3- Nitrate SO42- Sulfate
NO2- Nitrite SO32- Sulfite
For oxyanions of the halogens Cl, Br, and I there can be 4 different possible oxyanions
ClO − hypochlorite BrO − hypobromite IO − hypoiodite ClO2− chlorite BrO2− bromite IO2− iodite ClO3− chlorate BrO3− bromate IO3− iodate ClO4− perchlorate BrO4− perbromate IO4− periodate

9. Writing a formula for an ionic compound
First find the appropriate Chemical Symbols or chemical formulas for the cation and anion, along with their charge
The balanced formula needs to be charge neutral
Cation goes first and the anion second
Write the cation with its charge then the anion with its charge
The magnitude of the cation charge becomes the subscript for the anion and vice versa (see right)
If the two subscripts are different from one another you are done (eg Al2O3), if they are the same just write the formula with a 1:1 ratio Mg2O2  MgO

10. I: Metals with Water
Put on some goggles, Nick will demo Sodium with water and you will do the same for Calcium and Magnesium
Obtain a small piece of Calcium and a small piece of magnesium in a weigh boat
Carefully drop the Calcium into beaker and cover with a watch glass. Record your observations

11. II: Observations of Elements
Symbol
Metal, metalloid, nonmetal
Description (gas, liquid, solid, color, shiny? Crystalline, powder, …)
Aluminum Al
Metal
Shiny solid, metallic lustre, silver color
Carbon
Copper
Iron
Magnesium
Nickel
Nitrogen
Oxygen
Phosphorus
Silicon
Silver
Sulfur
Tin
Zinc

12. III: Nomenclature of Compounds
formula
name
NaCl
AgNO3
Ca(OH)2
Na2SO4
CdBr2
KNO2
Fe(NO3)3
(NH4)2S
HgCl2
H2SO4(aq)
Cr(BrO3)3
Cu2CO3
HCl(aq)

13. III: Nomenclature of Compounds
Balanced formula
Barium choride
Lead (II) iodide
Ammonium hydroxide
Bismuth (II) chloride
Magnesium nitrate
Iron (III) chloride
Calcium bromite
Copper (I) sulfide
Silver phosphite
Nickel (II) phosphate
Sodium sulfite
tin (IV) oxide
Zinc nitrate

14. Naming compounds