1. Vaping
Ask students if they have heard of vaping (or vapes, e-cigarettes). What have they heard?

2. What is an electronic cigarette?
Battery-operated
Turns liquid chemical (e-juice) into an aerosol that can be inhaled
Not a tobacco product
BUT may contain nicotine
So very briefly, what is an e-cigarette? We are going to be using e-cigarette and vaping device interchangeably
An e-cigarette is battery operated device that heats a liquid into a vapour that is inhaled. This liquid may or may not contain nicotine and often includes flavouring in a propylene glycol base.
E-cigarettes vary widely in design and appearance, but all operate in a similar way. There are four main components:
A mouth piece
A cartridge or tank that carries the liquid
A heating element
A battery

3. Why were e-cigarettes invented?
A tool to help smokers STOP smoking!
A tool to help smokers stop smoking!
Can use for some student engagement during presentations.
These devices were originally created as a smoking cessation aid (helps cigarette smokers stop smoking). They do not contain tobacco but often contains nicotine (addictive part found in a cigarette)

4. Products on the Market
E-cigarettes entered the market in 2006 and is a rapidly changing product
This is a rapidly evolving market with new products regularly being introduced into Canada
E-cigarettes are sold individually or as a kit that usually contains a rechargeable battery, a charger, and an e-liquid cartridge. The main types of e-cigarettes sold in Canada include:
Cigalike disposables: One-time use devices that look like cigarettes
Cigalikes: Devices that look like cigarettes and use replaceable, pre-filled cartridges for liquids
Vape pens: Pen-style devices that can be refilled with e-liquids, but have no modifiable settings
Advanced tank systems: Box-like or tubular devices that can be refilled with e-liquids, and have modifiable settings
The latest, more advanced models can produce more and hotter aerosol and may deliver nicotine more effectively and consistently than the first generation devices.
Gaining popularity in the US and now in Canada is a brand of e-cigarettes called JUUL. It looks similar to a USB flash drive. Marketed as user-friendly and discreet, the JUUL has a sleek design and claims to deliver a stronger nicotine “hit” than other e-cigarettes.
Vype is another product now on the market in Canada which is similar to the JUUL in that you purchase replacement pods that contain the e-liquid.
Vype

5. How it works: From liquid to vapour

6. So, what’s the big deal?
Perceived as safer and less harmful- yet long term health effects are largely unknown
Renormalizes cigarette smoking
Can encourage the use of other drugs
Marketed to youth (using social media, fun candy flavours)
Reports of batteries exploding
Child poisonings
Some would say it is just water vapour, but it’s not. Youth think its safer and harmless. Safer doesn’t mean safe.
We are seeing people vaping in areas where smoking is not permitted, reversing the progress of tobacco control
May act as a gateway to tobacco and other drugs

7. Tear down the truth

8. Health Effects Health Effects Immediate: Light headedness
Throat irritation
Dizziness
Coughing
Increased heart rate and blood pressure
Lung inflammation
Long-term:
Research on long-term health effects of frequent aerosol exposure is unknown but some studies suggest possible lung damage.
Long Term Health Effects still unknown- more research coming out that e-cigs cause damage to the lungs and association with lead to various pulmonary diseases
*Only if someone asks:
"Popcorn lung" is the nickname for bronchiolitis obliterans. That's a condition that damages your lungs' smallest airways and makes you cough and feel short of breath. It's sometimes caused by breathing in a chemical used to flavor microwave popcorn. But other chemicals or lung illnesses can also cause popcorn lung.
Wet lung is an acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can happen if an acute inflammatory injury leads to “leaky” blood vessels. It can be caused by a reaction to chemicals or dust and in some cases e-cigarettes.

9. Secondhand Exposure
Aerosols may pose a health risk to those exposed to second- hand e-cigarette “smoke”
Risks may include respiratory inflammation

10. Your lungs are at risk because…
They are exposed to substances that they’re not designed to handle/filter
The aerosol can contain heavy metals that can damage lung tissue
Cancer causing material can be released into your lungs
What are our lungs for? .. Breathing!! A very important process, it’s so important that we do it automatically without thinking (autonomic nervous system)

11. E-Juice All e-juices are different
It could be made in an unsafe or unsanitary environment
More than 80 compounds
When chemicals are heated, they can produce harmful agents
Although regulated at a federal level
- All e-juices are made differently (depending on brand and flavour)
It could be made in an unsafe/unclean environment
Unregulated up until recently (by Health Canada)
More than 80 compounds have been found in e-cigarettes such as:
Particles: Linked to an increased risk of heart disease, lung cancer and asthma attacks and interfere with lung function
Metals: Lead, chromium, nickel, copper, aluminum, and mercury have been detected and can have a variety of adverse health effects including brain damage and cancer
Carbonyls: Contain formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acrolein, which are potential carcinogens
Flavourings: Diacetyl and acetyl propionyl which are associated with respiratory disease when inhaled
When the e-juice is heated up, there are chemical reactions that change the compounds. They may be harmful when inhaled.

12. What is Addiction?
An addiction is an urge to do something that is hard to control or stop
Long-term vaping may result in addiction but evidence of how addictive they are is not yet available.
People can be addicted to things other than drugs (e.g. playing video game, eating/drinking a certain food, a behavior (nail-biting)

13. What makes vaping so addictive?
Nicotine
(most e-juices have it!)
Most e-juices contain NICOTINE. Which is a highly addictive drug.

14. What is Nicotine? Drug Stimulant Highly Addictive
Causes changes in brain chemistry
Found in most e-juices
Nicotine is a drug that is a stimulant, meaning it raises levels of physical or psychological activity in the body, and it is toxic at high doses.
It is highly addictive since it causes changes in brain chemistry quickly and leaves the brain craving more.
Nicotine is found in tobacco and e-juice products
Data from studies of mice suggest that nicotine exposure during adolescence may have lasting adverse effects on brain development.
If nicotine is unsafe, why do you think people still choose to use products that have nicotine?

15. 4x | Safer ≠ Safe | truth video
4x more likely to smoke cigarettes

16. Brains continue to develop up until what age?15 20 25 30

17. Vape and the Brain Youth and young adults brains are still developing
Nicotine makes it harder for youth to concentrate, learn, or control their impulses
Nicotine can train your brain to be more easily addicted to other drugs like meth and cocaine
Youth and young adults brains are still developing, which means they are more vulnerable to addiction.
Using nicotine at a young age may make it harder for someone to concentrate, learn, or control their impulses.
Nicotine can even train your brain to be more easily addicted to other drugs like meth and cocaine.

18. Consider the Consequences video
Consider the Consequences – Health Canada

19. Smoke Free Ontario Act (SFOA)
Vaping any substance is NOT permitted on school property and additionally within 20m from the perimeter of the school
Indoors and Outdoors
Applies to all students, staff, visitors
Fine = $305 for first offence
Sale and Supply
Youth supplying (giving a tobacco product/vaping device/any vape component including e-juice) to those under 19 years- not permitted
Adults purchasing for those under 19 years- not permitted
Fine= $490 for first offence
(NO possession law exists for tobacco and e-cigarettes  only to be shared with staff and parents**)
In Ontario, e-cigarettes, tobacco and cannabis are all controlled under the Smoke Free Ontario Act.
Under this legislation, vaping is prohibited on school property and an additional 20m from the school perimeter.
Those who break this law can be charged with a $305 fine for the first offence (this can increase for multiple offences).
In terms of sale and supply, Niagara Region Public Health is responsible for the day-to-day enforcement of the SFOA. This includes obtaining compliance through education and awareness to ensure that business owners are aware of the laws that apply to them.
Officers from Niagara Region Public Health conduct regular inspections of retailers to ensure compliance with the SFOA. Officers conduct “test shopping” to test a retailers willingness to sell an electronic cigarette device to a person who is less than 19 years old.
A person who sells or supplies an e-cigarette device to a person under 19, may be subjected to a fine of $ (Includes retailers, adults or youth supplying to those under 19 years)
See Health Canada for more information
***Ask the principal for any school-specific disciplinary measures in terms of suspensions or expulsions***

20. Niagara Smoke and Vape-Free Outdoor Spaces Bylaw
Smoking tobacco, cannabis and vaping products is prohibited in the following public spaces:
Beaches (new)
Recreation trails (new)
Within 9 metres of an entrance or exit of a publicly accessible place, building or workplace (new)
Parks, playgrounds and sports fields
Splash pads and outdoor pools
Arenas and recreation centres
Outdoor areas of municipal and regional buildings
Bus shelters
The newly updated Niagara smoke and vape-free outdoor spaces bylaw now prohibits tobacco, cannabis and vaping products from being smoked or vaped in several public spaces including:
- Beaches (new)
- Recreation trails (new)
- Within nine metres of an entrance or exit of a publicly accessible place, building or workplace (new)
- Parks, playgrounds and sports fields
- Splash pads and outdoor pools
- Arenas and recreation centres
- Outdoor areas of municipal and regional buildings
- Bus shelters

21. Take Away Messages Unknown long term health effects
Unknown ingredients
Potential risk of poisoning
Addiction
Unknown long term health effects
Harmful chemicals
Lung damage
Addiction
Affecting brain development
If you don’t smoke, don’t vape

22. If You Have More Questions talk to…
School nurse
Teacher/Principal
Parents/Guardian
Kids Help Phone
Doctor
PHN to be coming to classrooms to follow up and offer a question and answer discussion.