1. Item 4 Integrating cities in thematic data collections
Teodora Brandmuller, Eurostat Unit E4 Laura de Dominicis and Hugo Poelman, DG REGIO Unit B1
NUAC meeting
17/06/2019, Brussels

2. Content
Demography
Tourism
Business demography
LFS

3. Demography

4. Background
Task Force on a new legal base for post-census European population statistics (ESOP) set up
Discussed cities and FUAs as potential output geography
Written consultations
Questionnaire on the availability of data on cities and functional urban areas

5. Key aims of the draft regulation
Provide a long-term framework for European Population Statistics
Covering annual, multi-annual and ad hoc data collections
Flexibility to allow incremental development over time…
Balanced by key considerations of availability of appropriate data sources and need to limit burdens on NSIs
A single common legal base for European population statistics, covering and superseding:
Regulation (EU) 1260/2013 on demographic statistics
Regulation (EC) 763/2008 on census statistics
Article 3 of Regulation (EC) 862/2007 on migration statistics
Population-related parts of City Statistics
1 km square grid data
Comparability, coherence
Common concepts and definitions across all population-related statistics

6. Post-2021 annual requirements
Mandatory
Current requirements under reg.1260/2013 and Art 3 of 862/2007 – minor changes
Additional mandatory
More detailed migration data
Geo-referenced data under reg. 2018/1799 to be available annually
Population by age and sex on LAU level
Some City and FUA data – others "as far as possible!
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/1799 of 21 November 2018 on the establishment of a temporary direct statistical action for the dissemination of selected topics of the 2021 population and housing census geocoded to a 1 km2 grid (Text with EEA relevance.)
"As far as possible" means mandatory if the data are available in the reporting country (like in the 2021 grid Reg. 2018/1799)

7. Consultation on data availability at CITY and FUAs levels – Jan/Feb 2019
Questions covered 23 breakdowns
Availability by 2024
Availability in the longer run
Replies: 26 Member States, 3 EFTA, 2 enlargement

8. Expected data availability by 2024
Around 79% of the requested information (breakdown x country) will be available

9. Availability by 2024 (1) High availability (>=22 MS)
population: age, sex, country of citizenship, country of birth
live birth, infant death, death – all breakdowns
Middle availability ( MS)
population: current activity status, place of residence, industry, education
Low availability (<16 MS)
population: household status
household
dwelling

10. Criteria for inclusion in ESOP implementing Regulation
High availability by 2024:
annually available in high proportion of MS
proposed for annual collection starting with 2024
further support & capacity building actions possible
Medium availability by 2024
non-mandatory annual data collection ("as far as possible")
exception: Place of usual residence one year prior to the census (ROY) proposed for the mandatory data collection (justified by importance for policy needs)
Low availability
not included in the annual collection proposal
will be considered later

11. Tourism
©Christophe Demunter

12. Background Tourism statistics is covered by
Regulation (No) 692/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 July 2011 concerning European Statistics on tourism
Data on tourism supply (accommodation, collected from businesses in NACE 55.1, 55.2 and 55.3)
Data on tourism demand (collected from households/individuals)
Additional data based on other official statistics (SBS, STS, LFS, BOP), e.g. on tourism employment or on the economic dimension of tourism

13. Adaptation of Regulation 692/2011
Why? - motivations
Seven data collection waves since entry into force
The tourism sector has continued to evolve, which leads to new or other priorities
Technical developments lead to efficiency gains in data compilation
Fieldwork experiences revealed some weaknesses
Secure the relevance and quality of objective, independent, impartial European statistics on tourism
Satisfying the user needs in a more competitive data world where official statistics is no longer 'the' source but 'a' source

14. Adaptation of Regulation 692/2011
How? – legal instrument
Delegated act
When? - timetable
October 2018: discussion at the WG on Tourism Statistics
Nov-Dec 2018: further WG consultations on revised proposals
January 2019: TF to fine-tune outstanding issues
Feb-Mar 2019: formal WG consultation ("Expert Group")
Mar-June 2019: formal consultations of Director Groups (BSDG), ESSC and Commission services (ISC)
July-Sep 2019: EP and Council scrutiny
Sep-Oct 2019: adoption, publication, entry into force

15. Adaptation of Regulation 692/2011
What?
4 main areas, of which one relating to regional data
Tourism is often a regional, local phenomenon with strong subnational user needs, even at destination level
Current coverage:
annual accommodation statistics at NUTS2 regional level
further broken down by degree of urbanisation and by coastal/non-coastal areas

16. Adaptation of Regulation 692/2011
Better geographical (and temporal) granularity of accommodation statistics
Regional data broken down by month (now: only annual data)
Combined breakdown of 'degurba' and 'coastal/non- coastal' (now: transmitted separately but not combined, e.g. for rural coastal areas)
NUTS3 data (now: NUTS2 data)
Cities data (new ; data for capital cities and the most important cities for each country)

17. Better geographical and temporal granularity
Cities data
Cities play an important role in European tourism; in many countries a few cities dominate the tourism flows
Capital regions are among the top visited regions in the EU, but such information is only available when a city overlaps with a NUTS2 region
Initial proposal focused on capital cities and large cities in terms of population
Working Group argued for including 'smaller' cities that are important tourism destinations (e.g. Bruges)

18. Better geographical and temporal granularity
Cities data
PROPOSAL
Annual data on nights spent at tourism accommodation, broken down by residents/non-residents, including at least
the capital city; and
all cities with inhabitants or more; and
those cities that, jointly, account for 90% of the annual nights spent at tourism accommodation in cities in the country.

19. Better geographical and temporal granularity
Revision of the legal basis is an intermediate phase:
Obtaining more granular data
From existing traditional sources
without extra respondent burden
Future:
Obtain more granular data using
innovative sources and methods,
e.g. mobile network operator data

20. Business demography

21. Policy relevance of Business Demography at the subnational level
In the current period ( ), Cohesion Policy focuses heavily on supporting innovative and high growth firms. It will support more than 2 million enterprises to increase their competitiveness, develop products, find new markets and create new jobs, with around EUR 50 billion allocated to SMEs competitiveness.
Support to SMEs will remain a crucial pillar of Cohesion Policy post-2020.
Cities in the European Union are becoming more and more an important area of policy intervention, as indicated by the Urban Agenda for the EU. Most cities and functional urban areas grow faster in terms of population than the rest of their country. Since 2000, metro regions concentrate an increasing number of jobs. Cities also play an important command and control function with the headquarters of many enterprises located in a city and especially the capital.

22. Regional business demography: Background
First data collection launched in 2012, with a complete NUTS breakdown
Current state of play:
The most recent data for 2016 reference year were provided to Eurostat by the end of October 2018 on a voluntary basis from 16 countries (AT, BG, CZ, EE, ES, FI, FR, HR, HU, IT, LV, LT, PO, PT, RO, and SK).
For 2015 as well as a total 13 countries have provided the data => increase of 3 countries compared to 2016

23. Regional business demography: Background
Voluntary data collection of regional business demography – even though not covering the full scope of EU countries - is a backbone for multiple regional analyses carried out by DG REGIO and OECD as well as the Eurostat Regional Yearbook
All maps from the Regional yearbook are included in the Eurostat Statistical atlas, where the user can explore all maps interactively

24. Call for grants: objectives
One of the key objectives of this grant is to help the countries to prepare for the Framework Regulation Integrating Business Statistics (FRIBS) which has the regional Business Demography as a mandatory part of annual data collection.
As it looks now the first mandatory data collection will be for the reference year With this grant DG REGIO aims at expanding the country coverage of Regional Business Demography data collection before the FRIBS will be implemented.

25. Call for grants: description
Open to EU NSIs.
Support EU NSIs to set up a sustainable system for efficient annual production of business demography indicators at the sub-national level, in view also of the adoption of the FRIBS.
Collecting regional business demography data for reference years 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and finally 2020 with a complete NUTS breakdown o(NUTS 2016 classification for all data submitted before 1 January 2021 and NUTS 2021 for all data submitted from 1 January 2021 onwards).
Support NSIs to conduct a pilot exercise to collect a simplified set of business demography indicators (no size or NACE breakdown) for reference years 2013 – at the City and Functional Urban Area (FUA) level.

26. Call for grants: 3 Working Packages
WP1: collecting business demography data at the sub-national level for reference years 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016, with a complete NUTS breakdown using the NUTS classification in force. The current version in NUTS A revision may come into force for reference year 2020.
WP2: collecting business demography data at the sub-national level for reference years 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020, with a complete NUTS breakdown using the NUTS classification in force. The current version in NUTS A revision may come into force for reference year 2020.
WP3: collecting a basic set of business demography data at the sub-national level for cities and FUAs, for the reference years (shorter periods will also be possible).

27. Data collection All enterprises:
The data collection at the city and FUAs level (WP3) will request data for (no size or NACE breakdown):
All enterprises:
Population of active enterprises in t
Nr. of births of enterprises in t
Nr. of deaths of enterprises in t
Nr. of high growth enterprises measured in employment (growth by 10% or more)
Nr. of employees in the population of active enterprises in t
Nr. of employees in the population of births in t
Nr. of employees in the population of deaths in t
Employer enterprises: same variables as in 1-7 are required (no high-growth firms).

28. Approximate timetable:
The action is expected to start in fourth quarter of 2019.
Estimated duration of the action is 36 months.

29. Labour market

30. Labour market
Can the availability of labour market indicators by city and FUA be improved?
Exploratory project by a consortium of NSIs:
NL, FR, DE, BE, AT
Can the Labour Force Survey (LFS) provide a (limited) set of annual indicators, in particular for FUAs?
Unemployment rate
Employment rate
Educational attainment level of working-age population

31. Using LFS data: constraints
Sample and weighting schemes are not designed to produce results for FUAs or cities
Impact on the reliability of the results
Issues in case of smaller FUAs (< 200k)
Difficulties in case of unemployment rate
Design and sample size deemed inappropriate for FUA estimates (France)
Methodological adaptations needed, e.g. calibration of sampling weights; use of administrative sources

32. Using LFS data: opportunities
Estimates feasible for larger FUAs
Quality of the estimates can be improved by using small-area estimation techniques, combining LFS with administrative sources
Methods need to be adapted to each national data context
Involve the NSIs (in particular LFS experts) to ensure maximum reliability of a (limited) set of variables for FUAs