1. Using Dictionaries in Translation (223 TRAJ)
د. سلوى الحارثي
أستاذ مساعد في قسم اللغة الإنجليزية والترجمة، كلية اللغات والترجمة

2. Types of Dictionaries in relation to:
The form or medium
The dictionary content
The dictionary language

3. Types of Dictionaries in Relation to Form or Medium:
1. Books (paper dictionaries)
2. CD-ROMs
3. Internet or online dictionaries

4. Advantages: Disadvantages: Books (hard copies) Familiarity Ownership
Large size
Slow retrieval

5. 2. CD-ROMs: You can buy dictionaries on CD-ROM. Advantages:
Fast retrieval
Lots of information
Light-weight
Small size
Some contain pronunciation files (e.g. The Longman Interactive CD-ROM Dictionary)
Some contain English learning materials (e.g. The Longman Interactive CD-ROM Dictionary)
Some contain lots of pictures (e.g. The Longman Interactive CD-ROM Dictionary)
Disadvantages:
Computer needed
Slower retrieval process if users are computer dummies
Some are not well-designed

6. 3. Internet or online dictionaries: are accessible via the Internet through a web browser.
Advantages:
Free
Wild-card searching (this feature helps you perform a search on those occasions when you are not sure about the exact spelling of a word)
Disadvantages:
Computer needed
Internet connection needed
Slow internet speed
Free ones often have advertising

7. Types of Dictionaries in Relation to the Dictionary Content
1. General Dictionaries:
These dictionaries give you information about the most common words in a language. However, new words are often not included in these dictionaries until they become very common. Therefore, you should look for new fashionable words and new technical words (especially computer terms) in a technical dictionary.

8. 2. Specialized Dictionaries
These dictionaries focus on a specific subject area. This type of dictionary is also called a technical dictionary:
Useful for special groups of people, (e.g.: Advanced Learner's dictionaries, college students, children, etc.)
Useful for special fields or professions (e.g.: medical, chemical, physical, literary, linguistic, computer dictionaries, etc. )
Concentrating on one part of language, (e.g.: dictionaries of idioms, phrasal verbs, collocations, abbreviations, etc.)
Translating between different varieties of a single language, (e.g.: British-American dictionaries).

9. Having a special organization. (e. g
Having a special organization. (e.g. thesauri, a thesaurus is a book that organises words by categories and concepts, so synonyms and near-synonyms will be grouped together. Also, glossaries which are alphabetical lists of words or phrases used in a particular field with their definitions. Glossaries are often found at the back of a specialist or academic book as an appendix to the text.

10. Types of Dictionaries in Relation to the number of languages used:
1. Monolingual dictionaries: use the same language for the words and their definitions.
2. Bilingual dictionaries: give words in two languages with translations into the other language.
3. Multilingual dictionaries: each entry has translations of words in two or more languages.