1. Carnot Cycle for Scientific Design of Watt Engine
P M V Subbarao
Professor
Mechanical Engineering Department
Model for A Scientific Design of PGS

2. Carnot’s Model for Power Generation System
Expansion work

3. Carnot’s Identification of Thermodynamic Cycle for Watts Engine
Burn Coal (to add Heat slowly)
Ability to perform
The Work
(Move piston slowly)
Wastage or Ecological Nuisance

4. Carnot’s Model for Power Cycle
1 – 2 : Compressor : Isentropic Compression : s2 = s1
2 – 3 : Boiler: Isothermal Heating : T3 = T2
3 – 4 : Turbines : Isentropic Expansion : s4 = s3
4 – 1 : Condenser: Isothermal Cooling : T1 = T4

5. Air Standard Carnot Cycle1 2 3 4
Practice on your own……

6. First Law for A Control Volume
Conservation of mass:
Conservation of momentum:
Conservation of energy:

7. Compressor : Isentropic Process
SSSF: Conservation of mass
First Law :
No heat transfer during compression.

8. 2 – 3 : (Fire Tube) Boiler for Isothermal Steam Generation
QCV 3 2
No work transfer in boiler

9. Identification of Carnot’s High Temperature
for Isothermal Steam Generation, T3 = T2 = Thigh
For reversible constant Pressure & Temperature Process

10. Expansion : Adiabatic Process : No wastage3 4 T
Avoid heat transfer during expansion. Ideally zero….

11. 4 – 1 : Condenser : Isothermal Cooling : T1 = T4
QCV 4 1
No work transfer in condenser

12. Analysis of Cycle First law for a cycle:
For reversible adiabatic expansion and pumping:
Rate of Heat addition

13. Cost to Benefit Ratio Analysis of James Watt Engine using Carnot’s Model for Cycle
Work done per unit volume of the engine: Mean Effective Pressure

14. Engineering of Carnot Cycle
Isotherms

15. Use of Carnot Model for Optimization of Power Plant
Minimize the capital & running costs.
Compact and efficient.

16. Selection of A Perspective for Description of Scientific PGS
René Descartes Academic, Philosopher, Mathematician, Scientist (1596–1650)
Discourse on;
The Method of Rightly Conducting the Reason and Seeking Truth in the Sciences.
Published in 1637.

17. Geometrical Route to Define A Naturally Feasible Cycle for A PGSx

18. Lame’s Curve
n=0
n=0.5
0 < n < 0.5

19. Natural Power Generation CycleV

20. Natural Power Generation Cycle
Tmax T
Tmin
Smin
Smax S

21. Natural Power Generation Cycle
Tmax T
Tmin
Smin S
Smax

22. Computation of Cyclic Energy Interactions
Net work out put :
Heat Input :

23. Cost to Benefit Analysis of Natural Cycle
Efficiency