1. Crystal Oscillator Circuit and Its Working

2. Crystal Oscillator Circuit and Working
Introduction:
A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit which is used for the mechanical resonance of a vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material. It will create an electrical signal with a given frequency. This frequency is commonly used to keep track of time. Crystal oscillators must be designed to provide a load capacitance.

3. Crystal Oscillator Circuit and Working
Different Types of Oscillator
Linear oscillators – Hartley oscillator, Phase-shift oscillator, Armstrong oscillator, Clapp oscillator, Colpitts oscillator.
Relaxation oscillators – Royer oscillator, Ring oscillator, Multivibrator Oscillator and Voltage Controlled Oscillator (VCO).

4. Crystal Oscillator Circuit and Working
What is a Quartz Crystal?
A quartz crystal exhibits a very important property known as the piezoelectric effect.
When a mechanical pressure is applied across the faces of the crystal.
A voltage which is proportional to mechanical pressure appears across the crystal.
That voltage causes distortion in the crystal.

5. Crystal Oscillator Circuit and Working
What is a Quartz Crystal?
Distorted amount will be proportional to the applied voltage.
An alternate voltage applied to a crystal it causes to vibrate at its natural frequency.
Quartz crystal in an electronic oscillator that consists of resistor, inductor, and capacitors.

6. Crystal Oscillator Circuit and Working
Quartz Crystal Circuit

7. Crystal Oscillator Circuit and Working
Crystal Oscillator Circuit Diagram

8. Crystal Oscillator Circuit and Working
Crystal Oscillator Circuit Diagram
Bipolar transistors or FETs are used in construction of Crystal oscillator circuits.
Because operational amplifiers can be used in different low frequency oscillator circuit.
It is below 100KHz but operational amplifiers do not have the bandwidth to operate.
It will be a problem at the higher frequencies that are matched to crystals which are above 1MHz.

9. Crystal Oscillator Circuit and Working
Crystal Oscillator Circuit Diagram
To overcome this problem Colpitts crystal oscillator is designed.
It will work at higher Frequencies.
In this Oscillator, the LC tank circuit that provides the feedback oscillations has been replaced by a quartz crystal.
Crystal Oscillators, that works with 16MHz frequency.

10. Interesting, right?
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