1. EQ: How is the scientific theory of evolution supported by evidence?
SC.912.L Explain how the scientific theory of evolution is supported by the fossil record, comparative anatomy, comparative embryology, biogeography, molecular biology, and observed evolutionary change

2. Theory vs Law Law Theory Describes what is happening
an explanation as to why something happens
Highly supported by evidence but NOT proven to be true
Describes what is happening
Proven to be true

3. All living things are related.
Theory of Evolution
All living things are related.
Idea supported by scientific evidence (but no concrete experiments) over a long period of time
Change in a species is due to mutation/genetic variation that occurs over a long time
Over time, certain variations make up most of a population & they may be different from their ancestors

4. Evidence of Evolution Fossil Records Anatomical Record Embryology
Molecular Record
Biogeography

5. Fossil Record Layers of rock contain fossils
new layers cover older ones and creates a record over time
Fossils show a series of organisms that have lived on Earth
Current species living on Earth share similarities this ancient species
Fossils records provide evidence that living things have changed over time
Glyptodont
Armadillo

6. 2. Comparative Anatomy Three types of Structures:
Organisms can appear to have different structures on the outside but share similar structures inside
Show the story of evolution from a common ancestor
Three types of Structures:
Homologous structures
Analogous structures
Vestigial structures

7. Homologous structures
Structures that come from the same origin
homo- = same
-logous = information
Forelimbs of human, cats, whales, & bats
Different structure on the outside, same structure on the inside
evidence of common ancestor

8. Analogous Structures
Structures that have the same function but different structure on the inside
No evolutionary relationship
does not show a common ancestor
Dolphins: aquatic mammal
Fish: aquatic vertebrate
both adapted to life in the sea
not closely related

9. Vestigial Structures
A body structure that has no function in a present-day organism but was probably useful to an ancestor.
This shows a change
over time

10. 3. Embryology Tells an evolutionary story:
Similar embryo development may suggest a common ancestor
Embryo: the earliest stage of growth and development of both plants and animals
Vertebrate embryos exhibit homologous structures during certain phases of development but become totally different structures in the adult forms.

11. 4. Molecular Biology Comparing DNA and protein structure
Recall: HOW DO WE MAKE PROTEINS FROM OUR DNA?
All living organisms share the same genetic code
DNA is universal (A- T- C- G)
Having DNA bases and amino acids in common show a relationship

12. 4. Biogeography The study of the geographic distribution of species
Some plants and animals have similar appearances but are only distantly related.
Pangaea: Supercontinent that existed 300 million years ago.
The distribution of fossils across the continents is one line of evidence pointing to the existence of Pangaea

13. Biogeography
Similar animals are found in different locations around the world.
Animals ended up evolving similar features for their environment
They look the same but live in different areas

14. Australian Marsupials
Parallel Evolution
Niche
Placental Mammals
Australian Marsupials
Burrower
Mole
Anteater
Mouse
Lemur
Flying
squirrel
Ocelot
Wolf
Tasmanian “wolf”
Tasmanian cat
Sugar glider
Spotted cuscus
Numbat
Marsupial mole
Marsupial mouse
Nocturnal
insectivore
Climber
Glider
Stalking
predator
Chasing
Independent 
evolution of similar
traits
Organisms have a similar ancestral condition.
Species respond to similar challenges in a similar way.
Filling similar roles in nature so the organism have similar adaptations.

15. Building “family” trees
We use this information to show evolutionary relationships.
Closely related species are branches on the tree — coming from a common ancestor

16. How is the malaria trait Evidence of Evolution

17. Evidence of Evolution Rotations
You will be analyzing each evidence of evolution in a gallery walk. You will be in groups, and have 15 min at each station.
C- Level 2 voice
H- Ask three before me
A- At each station, work on analyzing the evidence of evolution and answer questions in complete sentences
M- Remain at your group until Ms Beck tells you to rotate. Walking around will result in a strike.
P- Complete each activity on the student sheet and all analysis questions on a separate sheet to turn in
Success!
Think about jig saw the lab …. Maybe remove analogous since no common ancestor?

18. Exit ticket
Clear your desk!
Homework: ch 11 vocab