1. Major events that occur during the revolutionary war

2. Battle of bunker hill june 1775
Americans had the high ground
3 attacks – colonists ran out of ammunition
Original battle on breed’s hill
Bunker hill was smaller, easily taken by british after colonists retreated from breed’s hill
Stood up to british, even though they lost
Moral victory – no one thought they would do so well
1054 british casualties out of 2200 there
Fewer than 400 americans out of 1600

3. Effects
British became more cautious because of high number of casualties
Congress recommended all able bodied men enlist
Divided colonists into patriots and loyalists
British abandoned boston after a few months

4. When did the crossing of the Delaware occur and when did the battle of Trenton occur?
12/25/1776—crossing of the Delaware river---- Merry Christmas!!!!!!!
12/26/1776—battle of Trenton

5. What were the weather conditions like during the crossing?
Sleet, snow, ice—the river was almost frozen over, big chunks of ice on the river.

6. Who was the continental army fighting during the battle of Trenton?
The Hessians—germans hired to fight for the british (mercenaries).

7. What was the role of George Washington during the crossing and the battle?
To lead and inspire his troops—to keep their morale up

8. Explain the importance/significance of the crossing and the subsequent battle for the continental Army.
It was a surprise attack that boosted the morale of Washington’s troops.
Broke usual rules – attacked in winter
Used geography – crossed the Delaware, unexpected
Gain momentum with a win

9. II. The Battle of Saratoga
Pages

11. What is the importance of the battle?
It was the military turning point of the war, the first defeat of the british by the americans on the field of battle.
French openly support u.s. after this

12. Why is Saratoga considered the military turning point in the war?
Forced the british to change their war strategy, and was the first victory of the americans over the british on the field of battle.

13. How did the british army change after the battle at Saratoga?
The british stayed close to the coast— wanted to be near the navy fleet and closer to the big guns (cannons)

14. How did the attitude of the French change after the battle?
Convinced the French to sign a treaty aligning themselves with the americans
Provided the americans with more troops and the French navy

15. III. The winter at valley forge
Pages 113, 116

17. Describe the location of valley forge
An area outside the city of philadelphia

18. Describe the conditions at valley forge
Bitter cold and snow covered
Primitive conditions

19. Explain the morale of the troops during the harsh winter
They were suffering from frostbite and exposure, and were starving and unsupplied

20. what type of training did the troops receive and who was training them?
A Prussian drillmaster (von Steuben), the Marquis de Lafayette and George Washington
They were trained on how to stand at attention, execute field maneuvers, fire and reload quickly, and wield bayonets.

21. Explain the role of George Washington at valley forge.
To train his troops and to try and boost their morale

22. iv. The French alliance
Pages 116,

24. Explain the reason for the French alliance with the “americans.”
The French are bitter because of the French and indian war
the French are long time rivals of the british, concerned over their growing power

25. Explain the importance of the alliance to the American cause.
It meant that the French would be sending us troops and their navy to help the americans win the war
Help train troops

26. What was the role of Benjamin franklin in obtaining the French alliance?
Franklin was ambassador to france
Sent to form an open alliance with the French to talk the king into sending us money and weapons
Later—to send troops and their navy

27. What was the role of the marquis de Lafayette?
He was a young (19) Frenchman
Volunteered to go to America and assist general George Washington
He was a general in the continental army – helped defeat the british at yorktown

29. v. The battle of Yorktown and surrender of lord cornwallis
Page 122

30. Explain the impact of geography of the battle.
Cornwallis is cornered by the continental army on a peninsula.

32. What role did the French play at the battle of Yorktown?
They formed and held a blockade of the Chesapeake bay thus not allowing the british ships to sail up river to resupply Cornwallis or down the river to reach the atlantic ocean.

33. Explain the role of lord Cornwallis in the battle of and events leading up to Yorktown.
He is the commanding officer of the british forces at Yorktown and in the south.

34. Explain the surrender at Yorktown, who surrendered to who?
Cornwallis sent his subordinate to surrender to George Washington
Washington refused to accept the surrender himself
Washington sent his subordinate to accept the surrender

36. vI. Treaty of paris 1783
Page 122

37. What lands did the british give up?
13 colonies (they kept Canada)

38. What were the American land claims?
All lands east of the Mississippi river

39. What lands did the Spanish claim?
All lands west of the Mississippi river and florida.

40. What lands did the French claim?
None, Caribbean colonies that they had previously possessed.

42. By signing the treaty what did great Britain do?
Formally recognized the independence of the united states of america

43. US AGREED TO PAY DEBTS OWED TO THE BRITISH AND TO ALLOW BRITISH SOLDIERS AND LOYALISTS TO RETURN HOME. (STATES ENCOURAGED TO COMPENSATE LOYALISTS/RETURN PROPERTY)
US DOUBLED IN SIZE

45. Role of African americans
Revolution fought in the name of liberty and equality, but did not end slavery
About 5000 served, mostly new England free men
Some slaves fled and joined the british, who promised freedom (about 2000)
Slavery practically ended in the north

46. Role of native americans
Tended to side with the british – thought they would not take their lands (proclamation of 1763)

47. Role of women
Wives followed their husbands - cooking, mending, nursing, occasionally fighting
Looked after homes, farms, businesses