1. Computer components

2. Computer Definition

3. Computer components
Software
Hardware

5. Brain
memory
1+2 3
1+2

6. CPU
Memory
1+2 3
Computer
1+2
Output devices
Input devices

7. Central Processing Unit
Computer Hardware
Computer hardware ?
Output devices
Input devices
memory
Central Processing Unit
Cpu

8. The Central Processing Unit(CPU):
The Central Processing Unit (CPU), also known as
Microprocessor of a computer, is an electronic
chip that carries out the instructions of a computer
program. It performs the basic arithmetical, logical,
and input/output operations of a computer system.
The CPU is like the brain of the computer.

9. The Central Processing Unit(CPU)
Arithmetic logic unit
(ALU)
Control Unit (CU)

10. The Central Processing Unit(CPU):
It consists of two parts: Control Unit (CU) and
Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU).
Control Unit (CU)
The Control Unit controls the rest of the computer system to carry out specified instructions. It controls the movement of signals among CPU, memory, and
other devices.
Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU)
The Arithmetic-Logic Unit performs arithmetic and logical operations.
Arithmetic operations are the basic mathematical operations like Addition,
Subtraction, Multiplication, and Division. Logical operations of ALU
include logical comparisions such as Greater than (>), Less than (<), Equal to
(=) and also True or False statements - AND, OR, NOT, etc.

11. hardware
CPU
Memory
1+2 3
Computer
1+2
Output devices
Input devices

12. The Central Processing Unit(CPU) :
The Central Processing Unit(CPU) Speed is measured in megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz).
KHZ=1000 HZ
MHZ= HZ =1000 KHZ
GHZ= HZ = 1000 MHZ

13. The Central Processing Unit = (CPU) = processor

14. Central Processing Unit
Computer hardware ?
Output devices
Input devices
memory
Central Processing Unit
Cpu

15. Primary Memory
(RAM)
(ROM)

16. ROM (Read Only Memory):
Read-Only Memory (ROM) is a permanent memory having built-in programs from the manufacturer.
ROM chips contain instructions for booting of the
computer.
data in ROM is not lost when the computer is turned off. The information in ROM can’t be deleted or modified.

17. RAM (Random Access Memory) or main memory :
Random-Access Memory (RAM) holds programs(instructions) and data currently required by the CPU to process.
RAM is called temporary or Volatile storage as everything in RAM is lost when the computer is switched off.

18. CPU
Memory
(RAM)
1+2 3
Computer
1+2
Output devices
Input devices

19. Central Processing Unit
Computer hardware ?
Output devices
Input devices
memory
Central Processing Unit
Cpu

20. Storage measurement units:

21. A 1 1 1 1 1
Bit
Byte

22. Equal to 8 bits , this is the amount of storage space
: the amount of storage space needed to hold either a 1 or a 0 in memory (binary numbering ) This is the smallest unit of computer memory
bit
Equal to 8 bits , this is the amount of storage space
needed to hold one character
byte
bytes1024
Kilobyte(KB)
1024KB
Megabyte(MB)
1024MB
Gigabyte(GB)
1024GB
Terabyte(TB)

23. Central Processing Unit
Computer hardware ?
Output devices
Input devices
memory
Central Processing Unit
Cpu

24. Input devices:
Input devices translate numbers, letters, and actions that we understand into a form that computers can process.

25. Input devices.

26. Touch screen Electronic board

28. Central Processing Unit
Computer hardware ?
Output devices
Input devices
memory
Central Processing Unit
Cpu

29. Output devices:
Output devices are used by the computer system to give us the output.

30. Monitor

31. Output devices: Printer

32. Speakers

34. Devices used for input and output?
Touch screen

35. Central Processing Unit
Computer Hardware ?
Output Devices
Input Devices
Memory
Central Processing Unit
CPU ))

36. SECONDARY STORAGE DEVICES
Storage drives are used to store and transfer data files. After data is entered into a computer, is must be saved as a file to preserve its contents after the computer is switched off.

37. Hard disk:
The hard disk is the main secondary storage device in the computer system. It permanently stores software and data files.
There are two types of Hard Disks:
•Internal Hard Disk (Installed within the System Unit) and •External (Portable) Hard disk.

38. Floppy disk drive: COMPACT DISC (CD) CD-ROM CD-R CD-RW DVD-ROM DVD-R
DVD-RW

39. Flash DRIVE :

40. A 1 1 1 1 1
Bit
Byte

41. Equal to 8 bits , this is the amount of storage space
: the amount of storage space needed to hold either a 1 or a 0 in memory (binary numbering ) .This is the smallest unit of computer memory
bit
Equal to 8 bits , this is the amount of storage space
needed to hold one character
byte
bytes1024
Kilobyte(KB)
1024KB
Megabyte(MB)
1024MB
Gigabyte(GB)
1024GB
Terabyte

42. THE SYSTEM UNIT
The System Unit, also known as System Cabinet, is a container housing most of the electronic components that make up a computer system. It has three important components i.e., A Motherboard, Central Processing Unit (CPU) and Memory.

43. MOTHERBOARD

44. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=75YluhF QyII

46. Computer components
Software
Hardware

47. Software:
- The instructions that a computer follows .
- Operating systems, office programs and games are examples of software.
- Software governs when and how various pieces of hardware can be put to a variety of uses

48. 1-Operating Systems software :
is the software that runs the computer
Microsoft Windows is the operating system a lot of people use.
However, there are other forms of systems software such as Unix, Linux, (Mac OS) and so on

49. 2- Applications Software
Word Processing: Example Microsoft Word
Spreadsheets:. Example Microsoft Excel
Database: Examples Microsoft Access
Presentation: Example Microsoft PowerPoint
Web browsing
Applications Software must be compatible with the Operating Systems

50. (Sheet 1)
Sara Turn on her computer and then open the word processor to write her homework :
What are the steps taken by the computer to do this task in order:
Load MS word into the RAM 3 1
Run the BIOS software from the ROM
read the OS files from HDD and copy them to the RAM 2 4
save the word file in the hard disk