1. PLANT CELL
By: Ikwan Wahyudi

2. Definition
Characteristics
Types
Structure

3. DEFINITION

4. PLANT CELL DEFINITION
Plant cells are the basic unit of life in organisms of the Kingdom Plantae
CELL
PLANT
Mango tree
Plant
Basic Unit
Plant cells are eukaryotic cells or cells with a membrane bound nucleus
Eukaryotic Cells
Organism
Basic building block
“Each organism is composed of smaller parts which become the basic substance to carry out the functions of their life”
Plant cells are the basic building block of plant life, and they carry out all of the functions necessary for survival

5. CHARACTERISTICS

6. CHARACTERISTICS
1. Primary cell walls are constructed on the outside of the cell membrane and are composed of cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectin.
4. Plant cells contain plastids, the most notable being chloroplast
5. The motile, free-swimming sperm of bryophytes and pteridophytes are the only cells of land plant to have flagella
2. Plant cell division takes place by construction of a phragmoplast
3. Specialized cell to cell communication pathways known as plasmodemata
6. Many types of plant cells contain a large central vacuole

7. PLANT CELL VS ANIMAL CELL
CHARACTERISTICS
Plant cells are generally larger than animal cells
PLANT CELL VS ANIMAL CELL
Plasma membrane
Endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Golgi apparatus
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Large vacuoles
Centrioles and centrosomes
Small vacuoles
Cillia or flagella
Animal cells are generally smaller than plant cells
Plant cells are more simillar in size and are typically rectanguler or cube shaped
Animal cells come in various size and tend to have irregular shapes

8. TYPES

9. TYPES OF PLANT CELLS Xylem
cells that transport mostly water and a few nutrients throughout a plant, from the roots to the stem and leaves
Phloem
Composed of tracheids with fibres and parenchyma cells
cells that transport nutrients made during photosynthesis to all parts of a plant
Parenchyma
living cells that have functions ranging from storage and support to photosynthesis.
Consisting of the sieve tubes and the intemately associated companion cells
Dead cells and have very thick cell wall
Composed of two types of cells, sclereids and fibres
They are elongated, have thick walls
Can grow and change shape as a plant grow
Majority of cells in a plant
Have thin permeable primary walls
alive at maturity and have thickened cellulosic cell walls
hard cells that are the main supporting cells in the areas of a plant that have ceased growing.
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma

10. STRUCTURE

11. PLANT CELL STRUCTURE Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi Apparatus Nucleus
Is a membrane bound compartment, which look like flattened sacs lined side by side
Is a large network of interconnecting membrane tunnels
Composed of both rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Responsible for protein translation and transport, aid in sequestration of calcium, production and storage of glycogen and other macromolecules
Or golgi complex / golgi body
Look like the endoplasmic reticulum and are situated near the nucleus
Is referred to as the cell’s packaging center
The main function is to process and package macromolecules synthesized from other parts of the cell
Is a membrane bound structure that contains the cell’s hereditary information (DNA)
Composed of nucleolus and nucleopore
Directs all the activities of the cell (like regulates the growth and division of the cell) and also help in protein formation.
Golgi Apparatus
Nucleus

12. PLANT CELL STRUCTURE Chloroplast Vacuole Mitochondrion
Oval shaped and have two membranes
Contain many flattened disks called thylakoids
Thylakoids are stacked on top of one another in stacks called grana
There another space called stroma
Carry out the process of photosynthesis
Known as cells storage center
Membrane bound organelles
Perform functions of secretion, excretion, and storage
Vacuole
Surrounded by two membranes
Convert glucose to energy molecules (ATP)
Posses their own hereditary material which help in self duplication and multiplication
Mitochondrion

13. PLANT CELL STRUCTURE Ribosome Cell Wall Plasmodesma
Smallest and the most abundant cell organelle
Comprises of RNA and protein
Found in all cells
Sites for protein synthesis
Ribosome
Is a rigid layer that surrounds the plant cell
Primarily made up of cellulose
Consists of three layer: primary cell wall, secondary cell wall, and the middle lamella
The main function is to provide rigidity, strength, protection against mechanical stress and infection
Cell Wall
Microscopic channels which traverse the cell walls of plant cells and enable transport and communication between them
Plasmodesma

14. PLANT CELL STRUCTURE Cell membrane Cytoplasm Lysosome Peroxisome
A double phospholipid layer, surrounds the entire cell
The cell membrane is semipermeable, allowing only spesific substances to pass through and blocking others
Cell membrane
It is a gel-like matrix inside enclosed by the cell membrane
Supports cell organelles and also prevents the cell from bursting or shrinking
Cytoplasm
Contain digestive enzymes
Digest excess or worn out organelles, food particles and any foreign bodies
Lysosome
Peroxisomes are tiny, single membrane bound structures that contain enzymes which produce hydrogen peroxide as a by-product
Peroxisome

15. THANK YOU