1. Warm Up
A 2017 report from the National Student Clearinghouse Research Center measured the percentage of students who had graduated, were still enrolled or had dropped out of college 6 years after their initial enrollment.
Graduated Still Enrolled Dropped Out
Asian 63% 17% 20%
Black 38% 17% 45%
Hispanic 46% 19% 35%
White 62% 11% 27%
Use this information to make a segmented bar graph.

2. Two-Way Tables – Marginal Distribution
A 2002 study by the Gallup poll examined the perceived risk of smoking among smokers and non-smokers. The study included 241 smokers and 502 non-smokers.
Risk: Smokers Non-Smokers
Very harmful
Somewhat harmful
Not too harmful
Not at all harmful
What percentage of the individuals in the study believe
that smoking is very harmful?
2) What percentage of the individuals in the study believe
that smoking is not at all harmful?

3. Two-Way Tables – Conditional Distribution
A 2002 study by the Gallup poll examined the perceived risk of smoking among smokers and non-smokers. The study included 241 smokers and 502 non-smokers.
Risk: Smokers Non-Smokers
Very harmful
Somewhat harmful
Not too harmful
Not at all harmful
Is the perceived risk of smoking different for smokers vs. non-smokers? Describe any significant differences and similarities between the 2 groups.

4. Practice
The Princeton Review in 2009 published survey results of 12,715 high school students and 3007 parents of high school students. One question that was asked: “How far from home would you like the college your child attends to be?”
Students Parents
< 250 miles
250 – 500 miles
500 – 1000 miles
> 1000 miles
Describe any significant differences or similarities between the distance from home students and parents would like their college to be.

5. Simpson’s Paradox
In 1973 UC – Berkeley was sued for sex discrimination. The data on admission rates to graduate school (in percent) looked pretty convincing.
Men Women
Accepted
Denied
Ultimately UC – Berkeley won the case. Any thoughts on why?

6. Simpson’s Paradox – Effect of a Third Variable
When we consider a third variable, which programs students applied to, the results change. Men applied more often to science and engineering programs, which have a relatively high acceptance rate. Women applied more to humanities and liberal arts, which have fewer openings.
Men Women
Science and Engineering
Accepted (49%) 85 (80%)
Denied (51%) 21 (20%)
Humanities
Accepted (26%) (23%)
Denied (74%) (77%)