1. Linking Chloroplast Antioxidant Defense to Carbohydrate Availability: The Transcript Abundance of Stromal Ascorbate Peroxidase Is Sugar-Controlled via Ascorbate Biosynthesis 
Isabelle Heiber, Wenguo Cai, Margarete Baier 
Molecular Plant 
Volume 7, Issue 1, Pages (January 2014)
DOI: /mp/sst154
Copyright © 2013 The Authors. All rights reserved. Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Transcript Level Regulation in Response to Sucrose and Sorbitol. Transcript abundance levels of genes encoding chloroplast peroxiredoxins (2CPA, 2CPB, Prx-Q, Prx-IIE), chloroplast CuZn-superoxide dismutase 2 (CSD2), monodehydroascorbate reductase (MDHAR), and stromal and thylakoid-bound ascorbate peroxidase (s-APX and t-APX) in comparison to genes encoding proteins of the photosynthetic membrane (PET-E1, PET-E2, PET-M, PET-C, and LHCB2.2), carbohydrate-induced APL3 and RBC-S, and carbohydrate-repressed STP1 and constitutively expressed ACTIN-2 and UBQ11 in Arabidopsis seedlings grown for 10 d on MS plates supplemented with 1%, 2%, or 3% sucrose or 1% sucrose plus 1% or 2% sorbitol. RT–PCR analysis was performed in three biological replicates with at least two technical replicates. For better comparison, here, band intensities are shown for a characteristic data set after separation of the PCR products on ethidium bromide gels and the means ± standard deviation after qPCR are presented.
Molecular Plant 2014 7, 58-70DOI: ( /mp/sst154)
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3. Figure 2
Metabolic Indicators in 10-Day-Old Seedling Grown for 10 d on MS plates Supplemented with 1%, 2%, or 3% Suc or 1% Suc plus 1% or 2% Sor.
The ascorbate content, ascorbate redox state, the concentration of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) fructose-bisphosphate (FruBP) and 3-phophoglycerate (3PGA), the 3PGA/DHAP ratio, the ATP and ADP content, the ATP/ADP ratio, the redox state of the NADP+NADPH pool, the assimilarity force, the chlorophyll content, and the anthocyanin content were analyzed in 6–10 biological replicates.
Molecular Plant 2014 7, 58-70DOI: ( /mp/sst154)
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4. Figure 3
Relative Transcript Amount Regulation in Response to Elevated Sucrose Levels.
The relative transcript amount of genes encoding chloroplast antioxidant enzymes (2CPA–MDHAR), extra-plastidic antioxidant enzymes (CAT–APX2), proteins of the photosynthetic membrane (LHCA5–PET–E2), marker genes for the carbohydrate status (APL3–GDH2), and reactive oxygen levels (BAP1 and FER1) in 10-day-old seedlings after a 24-hour increase in the sucrose availability to 1% (w/v) to 2% (w/v) (n = 3). The asterisk shows statistical significance (α < 0.05; t-test).
Molecular Plant 2014 7, 58-70DOI: ( /mp/sst154)
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5. Figure 4 Log-term Effect of Sucrose and Sorbitol on Transcript Levels.
The long-term effect of increased sucrose availability (top) and sorbitol-induced osmotic stress (bottom) on the transcript levels of antioxidant enzymes (left) and carbohydrate-regulated genes in Arabidopsis mutants with defects in ascorbate biosynthesis (vtc1), starch biosynthesis (adg1), and abscisic acid biosynthesis (aba2) after 10-day growth on 1 or 2% (w/v) sucrose and 1% (w/v) sucrose plus 1% (w/v) sorbitol, which contains the same amount of metabolizable sucrose as the 1% (w/v) sucrose sample and is almost identical in its long-term osmotic effect as 2% (w/v) sucrose. Means and standard deviations from three biological replicates with at least two technical replicates are depicted. Significant differences from wt regulation (α = 0.05; t-test) are labeled with an asterisk.
Molecular Plant 2014 7, 58-70DOI: ( /mp/sst154)
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6. Figure 5
The Effect of Short-Term Sucrose Feeding on the Transcript Levels (top) and the Relative Transcript Abundance Regulation (Bottom) in vtc1, adg1, and aba2 as Compared to Wild-Type Plants.
Means and standard deviations from three biological replicates with at least two technical replicates are depicted. The asterisk show statistical significance relative to wt (α = 0.05; t-test).
Molecular Plant 2014 7, 58-70DOI: ( /mp/sst154)
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7. Figure 6
Mutant Effects on the Ascorbate Availability and the Redox State of Ascorbate.
Ascorbate levels and the redox state of the ascorbate pools in Arabidopsis wild-type, aba2, adg1, and vtc1 plants grown for 10 d on 1% or 2% (w/v) sucrose or 1% (w/v) sucrose plus 1% (w/v) sorbitol (top) and in plants treated for 24h with 1% extra sucrose (bottom, black bars) compared to plants kept at the basal sucrose level (bottom, white bars) (n = 5–6). The asterisk show statistical significance of difference compared to the wt response (α = 0.05; t-test).
Molecular Plant 2014 7, 58-70DOI: ( /mp/sst154)
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8. Figure 7 Light Intensity Effect.
The ascorbate content, ascorbate redox state, and the relative transcript amounts of genes encoding chloroplast antioxidant enzymes and reference genes for oxidative stress, carbohydrate availability, and photosynthetic membrane support in response to increased sucrose availability (sugar effect) and increased osmotic stress (osmotic effect) in 10-day-old seedlings grown at 100 μmol quanta m−2 s−1 after four additional hours of illumination at 50, 100, and 600 μmol quanta m−2 s−1. The asterisk shows statistical significance of regulation (α = 0.05; t-test).
Molecular Plant 2014 7, 58-70DOI: ( /mp/sst154)
Copyright © 2013 The Authors. All rights reserved. Terms and Conditions