1. What is it?

2. Biodiversity is:
--the variety of organisms in a given area --the genetic variation within a population --the variety of species in a community --the variety of communities in an ecosystem.
Birds of Paradise Video

3. Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth and the essential interdependence of all living things
Scientists have identified appx 1.2 million species on Earth Est 8.7 million more remain unknown
The tremendous variety of life on Earth is made possible by complex interactions among all living things including micro-organisms.
Pacific Barreleye fish
Nudibranchs (/ˈnjuːdɪbræŋk/) are a group of soft-bodied, marine gastropod molluscs which shed their shells after their larval stage.

4. Pacific Barreleye fish
Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth and the essential interdependence of all living things
Pacific Barreleye fish
Nudibranchs (/ˈnjuːdɪbræŋk/) are a group of soft-bodied, marine gastropod molluscs which shed their shells after their larval stage.
Pacific Barreleye fish

5. Ocean Sunfish a/k/a Mola Mola Ocean Sunfish Video

7. Levels of Biodiversity
Biodiversity can be studied and described at three levels:
Species diversity
Ecosystem diversity
Genetic diversity

9. 1. Diversity of number of species
the differences between populations of species, as well as between different species.
Saki Monkey
Golden Skimmer
Meadow Beauty

10. Variety of ecosystems
-- variety of habitats, communities, & ecological processes within and between ecosystems.

11. 3. Genetic Diversity
- all the different genes contained within all members of a population.
Gene- a segment of DNA that is located in a chromosome –it codes for a specific hereditary trait.
Chihuahua
Beagle
Rottweilers

13. Which has more biodiversity?

14. Which has more biodiversity?

15. Benefits of Biodiversity
Biodiversity has intrinsic value = Something that has value naturally
Biodiversity can affect the stability of ecosystems and the sustainability of populations.
Healthy ecosystems ensure a healthy biosphere  It has balanced cycles of energy and nutrients.

16. Biodiversity has Utilitarian Value
Utilitarian Value = the value something has as a means to another’s end. Something that is functional
Utilitarian values include:
Goods like sustainable timber
Services like eco-tourism
Information -- National Park Wardens

17. The end
Tarsier
Tarsiers are small primates that live in rainforests in Southeast Asian islands. They have extremely large eyes and long tails. (The eyes of some tarsier species are larger than their brains!) Tarsiers are adapted for jumping, and move around by leaping through the trees.

18. Biodiversity-Continued

19. Species Are Connected to Ecosystems
Some species are very critical to the functioning of an ecosystem.
Keystone species - a species that is critical to the functioning of the ecosystem in which it lives. It affects the survival and abundance of many other species in its community.
Sea otter
The loss of the sea otter populations led to an unchecked sea urchin population, which ate all the kelp leading to the loss of kelp beds along the U.S. Pacific Coast.

20. Sea Otters Keystone Species
20 mins Keystone Species
How Wolves Changed The Rivers

21. Biodiversity of species
Endangered Species
A species that is likely to become extinct if protective measures are not taken immediately

22. Threatened Species
A species that has a declining population and that is likely to become endangered if it is not protected.

23. ENDANGERED VS THREATENED
Threatened: population low but extinction less imminent
Endangered: not so low that extinction imminent

24. THE GREATEST THREAT

25. Species and Population Survival
Genetic diversity levels = critical factor in species survival.
Genetic variation increases the chances that some members of the population may survive environmental pressures or changes.
Small and isolated populations are less likely to survive such pressures.

26. Species and Population Survival
Population decreases----genetic diversity decreases
Effects:
--inbreeding in population
--smaller variety of genes
Members of population increase chances for inherited genetic diseases.

28. Biomass Pyramid
Shows the many relationships between producers and consumers in an ecosystem
Tertiary consumers >
Secondary consumers >
Primary consumers
Primary producers

30. Deciduous Forest Ecosystem
Plants
Deciduous Trees
Ferns
Berry Bushes
Wild Flowers
Grasses
Mammals
Chipmunks
Deer
Foxes
Opossums
Rabbits
Wolves
Birds
Hawks
Woodpeckers
Owls
Chickadees
Reptiles
Snakes
Amphibians
Frogs
Toads
Arthropods
Insects

33. The End!
Puffer Fish

34. Video Be able to answer the following questions Ticket Out the Door
What determines how many species live in a given place?
How many individuals of the species can live somewhere?
Briefly explain how biodiversity is important to ecosystems