1. Native Americans and Westward Expansion
Unit 2 Day 1
Native Americans and Westward Expansion
Essential Question: How were Native Americans affected by westward expansion?

2. How did the Transcontinental Railroad transform America into one nation?

3. Homestead Act (1862)
After the Civil War, the United States forced Plains Indians tribes off their land in the Indian Wars
Homestead Act (1862) gave these formerly Indian-owned lands to White settlers in the west

4. Dawes Act (1887)
Dawes Act (1887) divided tribal lands into 160-acre plots
This went against Native American tradition, in which land was owned communally by entire tribes
Dawes Act destroyed Native American societies and economies

5. What was the difference between how Native Americans viewed land and how Europeans viewed land?

6. Reservation System
After the Homestead Act & Dawes Act, U.S. government designed reservation system
This forced tribes onto dry and undesirable lands in the west
U.S. government promised to provide protection and resources, but rarely delivered

7. How does this image represent manifest destiny (the belief that Whites were justified in settling the American West)?

8. Urbanization and Industrialization
Unit 2 Day 2
Urbanization and Industrialization
Essential Question: How did urbanization and industrialization impact westward expansion?

9. Why were farmers willing to endure such hardships in the West?

10. Urbanization
Urbanization was the movement of people from country to city
“Push” factors: upgrades in farm machinery meant fewer farm laborers were needed
“Pull” factors: railroads made transportation to cities easier; new industrial factories needed workers; cities offered excitement & entertainment

11. Industrialization
Industrialization was a shift of the American economy from agriculture (farming) to factories and production of goods
Industrialization brought migrants to new western cities
Factory workers were often poor, women, and immigrants

12. Miners In many parts of the west, miners were first to arrive
Boomtowns sprang up
When surface minerals were depleted, many mining towns became ghost towns
Mining companies moved in with more technology

13. Cattle Men/Cowboys
Barbed wire fences and economic hardship in the northeast ended the long drive.
It took about 3 months to drive cattle north along the Chisholm Trail – long drive.
Drove cattle to cow towns, where they were worth more and could be shipped east.
Cowboys rode over 15 hours a day.

14. Farmers Many farmers were European immigrants and children of farmers
Able to sell produce in the East
Many fights with Native Americans and cattlemen over land
Put up barbed wire fences