1. Nutrients are types of matter needed by all living things
Target 3.5 cycling and conservation of matter Matter is constantly CYCLED through living and nonliving parts of ecosystems
Nutrients are types of matter needed by all living things

2. Energy VS. Matter Energy FLOWS Nutrients CYCLE Producers Consumers
Decomposers
Nutrients CYCLE
Carbon Cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Water Cycle

3. Carbon Cycle Major Function 1) Stores energy
2) Structure  hair, muscle, skin
3) Genetic Code

4. Steps: Atmosphere (stores CO2) Photosynthesis (plants take CO2 in)
Respiration (all living things release CO2)
Decomposition (bacteria/fungi break down C in dead things and release it as CO2)
Combustion (burning fossil fuels releases C into air
Rocks (limestone stores C  diamonds)
Oceans take in CO2(especially cold water)

5. 1) Photosynthesis  CO2 into plants
BIOTIC RESERVOIR
1) Photosynthesis  CO2 into plants
2) Respiration  CO2 out of living things
3)Decomposition  CO2 out of bacteria and fungi

6. ABIOTIC RESERVOIR Atmosphere Dissolved in Oceans
Stored in Rocks (limestone/diamonds)

7. Human Impact
Combustion  climate change

8. Nitrogen Cycle
Major Function:
Structure (proteins)
Genetic Code (DNA)

9. STEPS: 1. N2 is 78% of Earth’s atmosphere 2. Nitrogen Fixation
Bacteria in soil change N2 into a usable form
like ammonia or nitrates (lightning too)
3. Plants take in ammonia/nitrates
4. Nitrogen from plants passes up food chain
5. Denitrification  N2 returned to atmosphere by
decomposition of dead things by bacteria
Atmospheric Fixation
The enormous energy of lightning breaks nitrogen molecules and enables their atoms to combine with oxygen in the air forming nitrogen oxides. These dissolve in rain, forming nitrates, that are carried to the earth.
Atmospheric nitrogen fixation probably contributes some 5– 8% of the total nitrogen fixed.

10. BIOTIC RESERVOIR 1) Plants use the ammonia or nitrates in soil
2) Nitrogne Passes up Food Chain

11. ABIOTIC RESERVOIR Nitrogen Fixation  N2 enters soil from atmosphere
Denitrification  When plants & animals die, N2 is released back into the atmosphere

12. Human Impact Fertilizer runoff too many nitrates enter water (toxic)
causes algae blooms (toxic)

13. Water Cycle Major Functions: Acts as solvent for chemical reactions
Transports materials into/out of cells

14. Steps: Evaporation Condensation Precipitation Runoff
Transpiration (from plants to atmosphere)

15. CYCLE
ABIOTIC
surface
atmosphere
BIOTIC
In living things

16. Human Impact
pollution