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Proliferating Cells Conserve Nitrogen to Support Growth

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Presentation on theme: "Proliferating Cells Conserve Nitrogen to Support Growth"— Presentation transcript:

1 Proliferating Cells Conserve Nitrogen to Support Growth
Ralph J. DeBerardinis  Cell Metabolism  Volume 23, Issue 6, Pages (June 2016) DOI: /j.cmet Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

2 Figure 1 Distinct Modes of Glutamate Metabolism Support Distinct Functions (A) In proliferating cells, transaminases (TAs) convert glutamate to alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG). These reactions also convert α-ketoacids to nonessential amino acids (NEAAs). Prominent TA reactions in cultured cells include the conversion of pyruvate, oxaloacetate, and 3-phosphohydroxypyruvate to alanine, asparate, and phosphoserine (a serine precursor). NEAA and the energy and precursors resulting from AKG metabolism in the TCA cycle support cell growth and proliferation. (B) In quiescent cells, TA activity declines and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) activity increases. This enzyme discards glutamate’s nitrogen as ammonia, but does not consume α-ketoacids, which can be oxidized in the TCA cycle to provide energy for cell survival. Cell Metabolism  , DOI: ( /j.cmet ) Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. Terms and Conditions

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