1. Aruna Banavar Shankar & Miti Bhat
Agile BDD using RSpec and Cucumber
Aruna Banavar Shankar & Miti Bhat
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2. Contents BDD Installation Demo for Rspec Demo for Cucumber
The Basic Features
Cucumber vs. Rspec

3. An elephant as seen by 6 blind people!
A story
An elephant as seen by 6 blind people!
The elephant was assumed to be what was “felt” by these blind people
One question! – Can everyone see one entity as it is???

4. Introduction to BDD
“Getting the Words Right” is the focus of BDD, leading to building one language that is understood the same way by the project stakeholders
Vision is to bring in consistency, accuracy and meaning
Behavior Driven Development (BDD) claims “the words you use about something influence the way you think about that”.

5. How it works?
As <a ROLE> I need a <FEATURE> towards <BENEFIT>
Examples
As an <ADMIN> I need <ACCESS TO FUNCTIONAL ADMIN PORTAL> to <MANAGE USERS>
As the <IT MANAGER> I need <DETAILED REPORT> to <VALIDATE IT SPEND>

6. Key stakeholders in a project
Developer –
Interested in coding than testing
If tester finds a defect or if time permits …… focus on defects
Let me code first is the general tendency
Tester –
Primary responsibility is to test and find defects
Customer –
Clarifications, approvals, sign off
Different stakeholders, unlike mindset, varied mission come together in the project. Building an application by understanding its behavior from all stakeholder point of view. This builds a collaboration between developer, Tester, business and
other teams.

7. Then……what is BDD
In the "Agile specifications, BDD and Testing eXchange" in November 2009 in London, Dan North[3] gave the following description of BDD:
BDD is a second-generation, outside–in, pull-based, multiple-stakeholder, multiple-scale, high-automation, agile methodology. It describes a cycle of interactions with well-defined outputs, resulting in the delivery of working, tested software that matters.

8. About them… RSpec created by Steven Baker in 2005.
To explore new TDD frameworks
Encourage focus on behavior…. Rspec
2008, Aslak Hellesøy
To explore new BDD frameworks
Rewrites RSpec’s Story Runner with a real grammar… Cucumber

9. Installation
Installed as gems:
rspec
cucumber

10. Folder Structure

11. Cucumber & RSpec
Ref: The Rspec Book by David Chelimsky and others published by The Pragmatic Bookshelf

12. Demo Hello Rspec

13. Demo: Hello Cucumber

14. Step Definitions Creates a step. Methods: Given( ) When( ) Then( )
Each must have
Regexp
A block.

15. Step definitions Sample
Given /^a greeter$/ do
@greeter = CucumberGreeter.new
end
When /^I send it the greet message$/ do
@message
Then /^I should see "([^"]*)"$/ do |greeting|
@message.should == greeting

16. Demo: step Definitions
website2

17. User stories Consider: User navigates to home page User enters details
User successfully logs in
User unsuccessful in logging in

18. DEMO: Multiple scenarios
Website: adding more scenarios without tables

19. Scenario outlines Let us define a single scenario outline
Tables of input data
Expected output.

20. Sample: Scenario outlines
Scenario Outline: submit guess
Given the secret code is "<code>"
When I guess "<guess>"
Then the symbol should be "<symbol>"

21. Sample: scenario Outlines
Scenario Outline: submit details
Given the user name is "<uname>"
When I guess "<pwd>"
Then the message should be "<mesg>"
Scenarios: no matches
| uname | pwd | symbol|
| ^^^^ | a1a1 | failed |
Scenarios: 1 uname incorrect
| uname | pwd | mesg |
| abcd | | passed |
| ba-mn| | failed |

22. Test doubles
An object that behaves as though it is the original object
Eg: output

23. Demo: Test Double
Uses test double but shows logical error

24. “It” method The it( ) method: creates an example
ExampleGroup returns an instance of it using describe( )
Demo: website5 Note: Rspec double(out) – a mock for STDOUT

25. A small change def start @output.puts 'Welcome to website!' end
The test passes!!!
Once the passing code is ready… See it in action!!!
Demo: website6 using .bat file

26. When Cucumber & WHEN Rspec
Cucumber - integration/acceptance testing
rspec/test unit - Model unit tests.
Define feature scenario in cucumber
Start by implementing every step of feature scenario
For each functionality required BDD that with rspec
Repeat until functionality is complete

27. Hooks Hooks: • Before - every scenario • After - every scenario
• AfterStep - after every step

28. Backgrounds Steps that are invoked Before and After every scenario
Feature: browse books
Background: Logged in
Given I have logged in as “Aruna"
And the following models exist:
| manufacturer | carmodel? |
| Ford | yes |
| Honda| no |
Scenario: Display a car that already exists
Scenario: Display a car that is not yet in market

29. Configuration Command Line configuration for: Switches Options Eg:
mycmd: features
Usage:
cucumber –p mycmd

30. References / Bibliography
The Rspec Book by David Chelimsky and others published by The Pragmatic Bookshelf
Wikipedia

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