1. Why should we use the Passive Voice?

2. It was found at the scene of the crime.
Where was that found?
It was found at the scene of the crime.

3. Examples: 1.My bike was stolen. 2.Spanish is spoken in South America.
We use the Passive when the action is more important than the person who does the action.
Example: Active: Someone broke the window.
Passive: The window was broken.
It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.
Examples: 1.My bike was stolen.
2.Spanish is spoken in South America.

4. By+ the agent (Object) is used : A
By+ the agent (Object) is used : A. When it is important to know who does the action. The telephone was invented by Alexander Bell.

5. How to form the Passive Examples: The movie is being shown now.
We form the passive from the verb /to be/ and the 3rd form of the main verb (V3).  /to be/ expresses the tense of the main verb.
Examples: The movie is being shown now.
The movie was shown last night.
The movie will be shown tomorrow.

6. Present Simple Active: Subject+V1+Object…
Tenses
Active: Subject+V1+Object…
Passive: Subject+am/is/are+V3+by+Object
Example: She writes the letter.
The letter is written by her.

7. Present Progressive Active:Subject+am/is/are+V1+ing+Object
Passive: Subject+ am/is/ are+ Being +V3+by+Object
Examples: She is writing the letter right now.
The letter is being written by her.

8. Present Perfect Active: Subject+have/has+V3 +Object
Passive: Subject+have/has+been+V3+by+Object
Examples: She has written the letter.
The letter has been written by her.

9. Past Simple Active: Subject+V2+Object
Passive: Subject+ was/were+V3+by+Object
Examples: She has written the letter.
The letter was written by her.

10. Past Progressive Past Progressive
Active: Subject+was/were+V1+ing+Object
Passive: Subject+was/were+being+V3+by+Object.
Examples: She was writing the letter.
The letter was being written by her.

11. Past Perfect Active: Subject+had+V3+Object
Passive: Subject had+been+V3+by+Object
Examples: She had written the letter.
The letter had been written by her.

12. Future Simple Active: Subject+will+V1+Object
Passive: Subject+will+be+V3+by+Object
Examples: She will write the letter to him The letter will be written by her to him.

13. Be Going To Active: Subject+ am/is/are+ going to+ V1+Object
Passive: Subject+ am/is/are+ going to+be+V3
Examples: She is going to write a letter to him.
The letter is going to be written by her.

14. Modals Active:Subject+Modal+V1+Object
Passive: Subject+Modals+be+V3+by+object
Examples: She can write the letter.
The letter can be written by her to him .

15. Semi Modals Active: Subject+ Semi Modal+V1+Object
Passive: Subject+ Semi Modal+be+V3+by+Object
Examples: She has to send the letter to her uncle.
The letter has to be sent by her to her uncle.

16. Pay attention:
Not all the verbs can be put into Passive because they have no object (no one to “receive” the action.
Examples of such verbs are include:
Happen, die, sleep, exist, go , come, occur, arrive, have, live.

17. When rewriting active sentences in the Passive Voice, note the following:
The object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
The verb is changed (to be + past participle).
The subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)

18. Passive Exercises http://a4esl.org/q/h/vm/active-passive.html

19. Active and Passive Tenses Chart

20. Your personal assignment
Choose one:
Write a poem about love
A newspaper article about crime.
Use the Passive Voice.
Use connectors.
For the newspaper article, use the vocabulary from p.78 in your book.