2. WEATHER CHARTS

3. T L O

4. Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) A
Action: The student will interpret the information contained in a surface analysis chart.
Condition: Given pertinent information about surface analysis charts.
Standard: IAW AC 00-45F

5. SURFACE ANALYSIS CHART
PURPOSE.... TO PROVIDE THE PILOT WITH A GENERAL PICTURE OF THE WEATHER AT A SPECIFIC TIME

6. SURFACE ANALYSIS CHART
Chart is issued every 3 hours
Information taken from METAR reports

7. CONDITIONS DETERMINED FROM CHART
1. SURFACE WINDS
2. FRONTAL SYSTEMS
3. PRESSURE SYSTEMS
4. SKY COVERAGE
5. TEMPERATURE AND DEW POINT
PRECIPITATION AND OBSCURATIONS
STATION PRESSURE (corrected for sea level)

8. , METAR KATL 151450Z 28025KT 4SM DZFG SCT014 BKN120 OVC300 15/13
315
METAR KATL Z KT 4SM DZFG
SCT014 BKN120 OVC /13
A3049 RMK SLP315

9. OVERCAST (8 octas) CLEAR FEW (1-2 octas) OBSCURED SCATTERED
SKY COVER
MISSING
BROKEN
(5-7 octas)
REF: AC 00-45F

10. SKY CLEAR
OVC 8
FEW
1 - 2
BINOVC
SCT
3 - 4
OBSCURATION
MISSING DATA
BKN
5 - 7

11. WIND DIRECTION

12. CALM
05 KNOTS
10 KNOTS
WIND
SPEED
15 KNOTS
20 KNOTS
50 KNOTS
65 KNOTS

13. TEMPERATURE 15 13 ,
315

14. WEATHER &
OBSCURATION ,
315 15 13

15. RAIN

17. RAIN
HAIL SHOWER
DRIZZLE
RAIN SHOWER
SNOW
ICE
PELLETS
SNOW SHOWER

18. T/STORM
FOG
SMOKE
FREEZING
DRIZZLE
FREEZING
RAIN
HAZE

19. 15 13 ,
315
DEWPOINT

20. STATION PRESSURE 15 13 ,
315

21. 1. STATION PRESSURE CORRECTED TO
SEA LEVEL
2. SHOWN IN HECTOPASCALS / MILLIBARS =
132
986.6 =
866

22. , PRESSURE TENDENCY (3 HOUR) 1031.5 - .6 1030.9 3 hours ago 315 15 13
1030.9
3 hours ago
PRESSURE TENDENCY
(3 HOUR)

23. , = 1009.3 CURRENT STATION PRESSURE = 1010.1 INCREASING15 13 , 8
101
CURRENT STATION PRESSURE =
1010.1
INCREASING
PRESSURE TREND =
PRESSURE 3 HOURS AGO
1010.1
- 0.8 =

24. , CURRENT STATION PRESSURE = 1010.0 DECREASING PRESSURE TREND = 1010.0
100 15 13 12
CURRENT STATION PRESSURE =
1010.0
DECREASING
PRESSURE TREND =
1010.0
+ 1.2 =
PRESSURE 3 HOURS AGO

25. , CURRENT STATION PRESSURE = 998.2 INCREASE THEN PRESSURE TREND =15 13 , 3
982
CURRENT STATION PRESSURE =
998.2
INCREASE THEN
STEADY
PRESSURE TREND =
998.2
- 0.3 =
PRESSURE 3 HOURS AGO

26. , CURRENT STATION PRESSURE = 1016.0 DECREASE THEN PRESSURE TREND =
160 15 13 24
CURRENT STATION PRESSURE =
1016.0
DECREASE THEN
STEADY
PRESSURE TREND =
1016.0
+2.4
=1018.4
PRESSURE 3 HOURS AGO

27. , CURRENT STATION PRESSURE = 1017.4 DECREASE THEN PRESSURE TREND =
174 15 13 15
CURRENT STATION PRESSURE =
1017.4
DECREASE THEN
INCREASE
PRESSURE TREND =
1017.4
+1.5
=1018.9
PRESSURE 3 HOURS AGO

28. , CURRENT STATION PRESSURE = 1014.2 INCREASE THEN PRESSURE TREND =
142 15 13 15
CURRENT STATION PRESSURE =
1014.2
INCREASE THEN
DECREASE
PRESSURE TREND =
1014.2
-1.5
=1012.7
PRESSURE 3 HOURS AGO

29. , CURRENT STATION PRESSURE = 1014.2 STEADY PRESSURE TREND = 1014.2
142 15 13
CURRENT STATION PRESSURE =
1014.2
STEADY
PRESSURE TREND =
1014.2
PRESSURE 3 HOURS AGO

30. , CURRENT STATION PRESSURE = 1014.2 INCREASE THEN PRESSURE TREND =
142 15 13
CURRENT STATION PRESSURE =
1014.2
INCREASE THEN
DECREASE
PRESSURE TREND =
1014.2
PRESSURE 3 HOURS AGO

31. , CURRENT STATION PRESSURE = 1014.2 DECREASE THEN PRESSURE TREND =
142 15 13
CURRENT STATION PRESSURE =
1014.2
DECREASE THEN
INCREASE
PRESSURE TREND =
1014.2
PRESSURE 3 HOURS AGO

32. L
H t o L Indicated
True H

35. L H
IND TRUE
H L
L H

36. Break Time
Countdown

37. Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) B
Action: The student will interpret data contained in a weather depiction chart.
Condition: Given pertinent information about weather depiction charts.
Standard: IAW AC 00-45F

38. WEATHER DEPICTION CHART

39. WEATHER DEPICTION CHART
PURPOSE - To portray areas of IFR,
VFR and MVFR
FREQUENCY - Issued every 3 hours

40. OVERCAST (8 octas) CLEAR FEW (1-2 octas) OBSCURED SCATTERED
SKY COVER
MISSING OR
PARTIAL
OBSCURATION
BROKEN
(5-7 octas)
BREAKS IN OVERCAST
REF: AC 00-45F

41. SKY CLEAR
OVC
FEW
BINOVC
SCT
OBSCURATION
MISSING DATA
BKN

42. SKY CLEAR
OVC
FEW
BINOVC
SCT
OBSCURATION
MISSING DATA
BKN

43. ONLY SHOWN WHEN 5 SM OR LESS
VISIBILITY
ONLY SHOWN WHEN 5 SM OR LESS ‚ 4

44. NO VISIBILITY SHOWN MEANS VISIBILITY IS GREATER THAN 5 SM

45. WEATHER AND OBSTRUCTIONS‚ 4

46. The altitude below the station will show the ceiling.
Sky cover symbols shown on the weather depiction chart are the worst sky conditions (summation method) for that station.
The altitude below the station will show the ceiling.

47. ‚ CLOUD BASE 4 No altitude will be given if FEW or SCT.
If BKN or OVC, height is ceiling. ‚ 4

48. ‚ CLOUD BASE 4 5 No altitude will be given if FEW or SCT.
If BKN or OVC, height is ceiling. ‚ 4 5

49. Using the summation method
W.D.
S.A.
Using the summation method
020
SCT010 BKN020 OVC030

50. W.D.
S.A.
FEW010 FEW020 SCT030

51. AREAS DEPICTED VFR MVFR IFR
CEILING AND VISIBILITY GREATER THAN
VFR To
MVFR
CEILING AND / OR VISIBILITY LESS THAN
IFR

53. SHADED AREAS … IFR WITH CIG LESS THAN
1000 FT AND/OR VSBY LESS THAN 3 MI
CONTOURED WITHOUT SHADING…MVFR AREAS WITH CIG GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 1000 TO LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 3000 FT AND/OR VSBY GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 3 TO LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 5 MI
NO CONTOURS… VFR AREAS WITH CIG GREATER THAN 3000 FT AND VSBY GREATER THAN 5 MI

55. , , W.D. S.A. METAR KATL 151450Z 28025KT 4SM DZFG
315 15 4 13
120
METAR KATL Z KT 4SM DZFG
SCT014 BKN120 OVC /13
A3049 RMK SLP315

56. Enabling Learning Objective (ELO) C
Action: The student will interpret the information contained on a radar summary chart.
Condition: Given pertinent information about radar summary charts.
Standard: IAW AC 00-45F

57. RADAR SUMMARY

58. Gives a three-dimensional viewpoint of clouds and precipitation
Radar Summary Chart
Gives a three-dimensional viewpoint of clouds and precipitation
Issued every hour

62. CONTOURS AT LEVELS 1, 3, AND 5. 5 3 1 Intense to Extreme
Heavy to Very Heavy 1
Light to Moderate

64. Maximum echo top does not equal maximum cloud top
TOPS OF ECHO
Maximum echo top does not equal maximum cloud top
450

65. CELL MOVEMENT 30
Area/Line Movement

68. Symbol Meaning R Rain RW Rain Shower S Snow SW Snow Shower
T Thunderstorm
NE No Echoes
NA Not Available
OM Out for Maintenance

69. Line of Echoes – Solid (SLD)
WS999
Severe Thunderstorm
WT999
Tornado Watch
HOOK
Hook Echo
Severe weather watch area

75. They’re worse! Thunderstorms are not as bad
Safety First…
Thunderstorms are not as bad
as they look on the outside….
They’re worse!

76. FM 1-230 References for today
Surface Analysis Chart 18-4
Weather Depiction Chart 18-5
Radar Summary 18-8

77. FM 1-230 References for tomorrow…
TAF App B-11
Winds Aloft Chart 18-10

78. That’s All Folks!