1. Biology Bio = life ology = the study of Molecular biology zoology
botany
ecology
evolution
genetics

2. Abiotic and biotic factors
Abiotic = NONLIVING
Rocks, rain, river, soil, air, etc.
All abiotic factors are recycled
Conservation of mass
Matter is neither created or destroyed
Biotic = LIVING things
Trees, cats, worms, insects, fish, humans
Referred to as organisms

3. Biotic factors 5 characteristics 1. Complex and organized (order)
2. Use energy to maintain homeostasis
3. Grow and develop
4. reproduce
5. Adapt and respond

4. Why? Natural tendency towards entrophy
Increased state of disorder = loss of usable energy
Organisms developed complex organization to use
energy to maintain homeostasis (same state).
This ability enables the organism to develop, grow and
Most importantly, reproduce.
Successful growth and reproduction also depends
on an Organisms ability to adapt and respond
to the environment

5. Biological themes Hierarchy of organization
Least complex  more complex includes
emergent characteristics
Kingdoms
Monera  Protista Fungi  Plantae  Aniamlia
Atom  molecule  organelles CELL  tissue 
organ  Organ system  organism  population 
Community  ecosystem  biosphere

6. Biological themes CELL The basic unit of life
The smallest unit that displays all five characteristics
Of living things
Prokaryotes simple
Eucaryotes more complex

7. Biological themes
DNA
provides mechanism that allows information to be passed
on from generation to generation .
inheritance = continuity of life
Structure and function are related
On all levels

8. Organisms are open systems
Continuous with their environment
Matter and energy cycled
through biotic and abiotic
Organisms interact
with other organisms
producers
consumers

9. Biological themes Regulation Enzymes catalyze chemical reactions
Feedback mechanisms
Positive feedback
Negative feedback

10. Biological themes Diversity and unity Estimated 5-30 million species
Each species unique
Scientists classify organisms based on
similarities between species
Identical molecular components
exist in all organisms

11. Biological themes Classification Traditional 5 kingdom classification
Monera * Protista * Fungi * Plantae * Animalia
More ‘accurate’ 3 domain system
Bacteria * Archaea * Eukarya

12. Biological themes Evolution Life evolves Darwin’s natural selection
Individual variation
Struggle for existence
Differential reproductive success

13. Biological themes Hypothetico-deductice reasoning Deductive = if…then
Scientific method
Science – Technology - Society
Science and technology, good or bad, ARE
a Part of modern society
Multidisciplinary endeavor
not independent from other fields of study