1. Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research daphne.van.der.wal@nioz.nl 1 Case study Netherlands

2. Case site: the Netherlands 2

3. 3 Living in the Dutch delta... Zagwijn

4. Living in the Dutch delta... Storm surge 1953  inundating 150 000 ha of land  causing the death of 1835 people Anp archief Knmi.nl

5. Living in the Dutch delta... Delta works 5 Slide T. Ysebaert

6. 6 http://www.sev.nl/ Today “designed” flooding risks

7. Delta area, Netherlands 7 Slide From T. Ysebaert / RWS?

8. Delta area, Netherlands

9. Van der Spek Westerschelde, a typical funnel-shaped estuary

10. 10 Westerschelde: dredging  Maintenance (1900 – 1970)  1 st deepening => 1970 - 1975  Maintenance (1975 – 1997)  2 nd deepening => 1997 - 2001  Maintenance (2001-2009)  3 rd deepening => 2010-2011  Maintenance (present) Geoplein.nl

11. Current velocity Pethick, 1984 mud mud, sand sand CHANNEL Westerschelde: cross-shore gradients

12. 12 Low marsh – pioneer (Spartina anglica) Middle marsh (Atriplex portulacoides) Middle marsh (Puccinellia)

13. False colour aerial photographs Hoofdplaat Thomaespolder Paulinapolder Zuidgors Hellegatpolder Biezelingsche Ham ZimmermanpolderBaarland Westerschelde Terneuzen Vlissingen Yerseke

14. Van der Wal, Wielemaker-van den Dool, Herman, Est. Coast. Shelf Sci. 2008 Westerschelde: saltmarsh dynamics

15. Westerschelde: saltmarsh dynamics Paulina Van der Wal et al., 2008 ECSS

16. Westerschelde: setup transect EU FAST

17. Westerschelde: saltmarsh dynamics Paulina

18. Westerschelde: Hellegatpolder

19. Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research daphne.van.der.wal@nioz.nl 19 Thank you for your attention!