1. Use of Live Virtual & Constructive (LVC) Technology for Large Scale Operational Tests of Net-Centric Systems
Michael DiGennaro, Operational Test Command
Oral Walker, PEO-I
Sheetal Doshi, Scalable Network Technologies
Bradley Bressler, Scalable Network Technologies
Rajive Bagrodia, Scalable Network Technologies

2. Problem-1: Scalability in Operational Tests
OTC must establish that the network (or system) under test can operate in operationally relevant deployments based on specified requirements at scale.
It is often hard, if not impossible, for OTC to have access to the needed number of physical radios to achieve the desired scale
“How can we make 30 GMR live radios believe that they are a part of a 100 radio network?”

3. Problem-2: Realistic Network Loading
To stimulate a live NSUT (Network System Under Test) with‘large-scale’ network traffic profile, M&S based tools are used by T&E community
OneSAF C2 Adapter, C3 Driver, ExCIS generate C2/SA messages in the live message form as if they are being generated by additional units
Messages injected directly into the live network assuming perfect comms between these additional units and live injection point
Realistically, if these messages were to come over a live network of forces, fraction of these messages would be lost or suffer delays due to the wireless medium, unit mobility, and the radio network characteristics
Perfect Communication based injection of these messages takes away the realistic nature of the operational test.
Traffic Injection into NUT assuming
perfect communications
Traffic Injection reflecting impact of
dynamic network connectivity, link bandwidth and channel quality
Units Moving out of radio range

4. BCNIS Overview
OTC’s Battle Command & Network Integration and Simulation (BCNIS) is a test suite that augments a live tactical network with an ‘LVC capable’ constructive tactical network that consists of a seamlessly integrated set of component products that together provide the following set of functionalities in a LVC context:
Constructive Force Representation
Constructive Network Representation in network simulation
Tactical C2/SA Applications
Interface to live network for LVC operation
Achieves Realistic Network Loading by interfacing constructive radios with M&S based Tactical Message generators and providing realistic communication effects to these messages before being injected into the live NUT
Network Simulation employs high fidelity models of radios, wireless channel effects and terrain
Achieves Scalability for OT using Live Virtual Constructive representation to increase the size of the NUT

5. BCNIS Solution for Realistic Network Loading
Realistiically Comm Effected Tactical Messages
Constructive Tactical Message Generators (e.g., C2 Adapter)
No C3 driver, define JNE
Provide realistic communication effects and network loading 5

6. BCNIS Components: JNE
JTRS Network Emulator (JNE) developed by Scalable Network Technologies (SNT) under a JTRS SBIR project funded jointly by JPEO, PEO Integration & Army OTC
Constructive Radio Network running high fidelity models of the radios under test.
HWIL interface to connect to live networks
Real-time execution with parallel capability to scale to large numbers of radios
Interfaces to Live Tactical applications, C2/SA Message Generators, live Network Managers, and packet analyzers
Interface to Semi-Automated Forces to control radio positions and mobility

7. BCNIS Components: OneSAF
Constructive Force Representation and Tactical Wargaming tool
Provides realistic maneuvers of constructive units based on tactical decision-making

8. BCNIS Components: Role Player Work Station
Surrogate for the live Command & Control /Situational Awareness applications that run on the live side
C2 and SA messages from RPWS are injected into the constructive radio that it is mapped to run on

9. BCNIS Components: OneSAF C2 Adapter
Generates actual SA messages for the semi automated units in OneSAF
These messages are injected into the corresponding constructive radios in JNE for realistic communication effects
IP Addresses???

10. BCNIS Components: XPRT Solution’s HITL module
Injects control and data traffic (which includes actual C2/SA messages) from constructive into live network and vice versa
Provides instrumentation of traffic between live and constructive networks

11. Use Case: Realistic Network Loading for GMR SIT Part 2
BCNIS successfully deployed in GMR SIT Part2 at Ft Huachuca
Realistic stimulation of the live GMR radio network at Layer 3 Red side
Live C2/SA applications connected to the constructive network
Control traffic and Data traffic injection into the live NUT based on realistic communication effects in the constructive network

12. BCNIS Hardware setup for GMR SIT Part 2
Generates actual SA
messages for multiple constructive radios
OneSAF
C2 Adapter
Provides position updates to constructive
network
GMR-WNW-HITL
Live WNW Network
RPWS
JNE
Inject unicast and multicast control and data traffic into live GMR network at Red side
GMR Red Router
Generates actual C2/ SA message
for a single constructive radio
Software
Operating System
Hardware Details
JNE
RHEL bit
Dell R610
8GB RAM
Xeon 2.66Ghz quad core (x5550 model number)
8MB L2 cache
146GB 15k rpm serial attached SCSI
Delete all IP addresses
Virtual Representation of
GMR Red Router
RPWS box maps to
constructive radio
via Exata interface
Black RF

13. BCNIS Accomplishments in SIT Part 2
Objectives were to verify LVC operation with live radios, realistic network loading of the live NUT and demonstrate robustness of BCNIS
Observations from SIT Part 2:
Full OSPF convergence for all live and constructive radios
Multicast traffic from live radios received by constructive radios
Traffic originating from constructive radios reached live, seen in data reduction reports
Unicast UDP TGEN originating from virtual node
Multicast TGEN originating from virtual node
JVMF K5.01 SA traffic originating from C2 Adapter and passing through constructive network to live with accurate communication effects
SA periodic updates when virtual units are stationary and dynamic updates when units moved in OneSAF
Several runs with BCNIS injecting realistic traffic continuously for 3 hours during SIT Part 2
Successful Risk Reduction Event for BCNIS

14. BCNIS Solution for Scalability for OT
Exchange WNW Control Messages to extend scale of live WNW network
Augment size of force in constructive environment using BCNIS to make up for lack of live radios and provide realistic communication effects and network loading at Larger Scale 14

15. Future Work and Planned Deployments
BCNIS is expected to play in the following test events in the near future
Realistic Network Loading in GMR LUT
Large Scale LVC representation and Realistic Network Loading in GMR MOT&E
Capabilities planned for future versions of BCNIS
Support for LVC with Current Force Radio Networks like SINCGARS and EPLRS
Real-time Data Collection and Instrumentation of the constructive network
Root cause analysis to understand constructive network behavior
Real-time Visualization of the constructive network status
Integration with tactical applications of interest to the T&E community and programs such as JCR, BFT-II