1. LMDz-INCA Simulations AMMA MIP

2. EmissionsSimulation 1Simulation 2 Biomass Burning Van der Werf et al. (2006) Liousse et al. over Africa. Van der Werf et al. (2006) outside Africa AnthropogenicEDGAR 3.2 (Olivier et al., 2001) Liousse et al.over Africa. RETRO outside Africa. BiogenicGEIA databaseLathière et al.(2005) Soil NOxYienger and Levy (1995) SpeciesSimulation 1Simulation 2 CO [Tg(CO)/y] Global: 1036 Africa: 236 Global: 1165 Africa: 370 NOx [Tg(N)/y] Global: 39.45 Africa: 6.15 Global: 46.5 Africa:11.88 Isoprene [Tg(C)/y] Global: 502.5 Africa: 104.35 Global: 461 Africa: 126.2 NMHCs [Tg(C)/y] Global: 850.5 Africa: 197.45 Global: 922.5 Africa: 194.6 TotalsEmissions

3. 1004 hPa CO - LA emissions CO - GFED emissions

4. Interseasonal variability of B.B. plumes 25 31031031 days July August

5. CO Data CO Simulation1 CO Simulation 2

6. O3 Simulation 2 O3 Simulation 1 O3 Data

7. Obs KE TI LA O3 CO NO

8. Isoprene – simulation1 Isoprene – Simulation2 Isoprene data

9. Influence of the Central African region

10. CO - LA emissions -20% B.B. CO - LA emissions Sensitivity Studies

11. With-without injection 1km 3km 4km 3km shift

12. Injection 3kmB.B. CO shifted to the north