1. Lannate® Insecticide Registration Attributes
Lannate® compared to OP’s products
Reversibility Studies in Rat
Mexican worker exposure
DuPont Safe Use Measures & Proposal S N C O

2. Methomyl Registration
Lannate has been commercialized since 1968 (USA)
Widely registered
80 countries
approximately 190 crops (vegetables, fruits, fibers, and plantation crops)
Variety of formulations available to meet local needs
No severe restrictions or bans based on risk assessment
Is not PIC listed
Ask Patrick was Pic listed means (ezplanation)

3. Insecticidal Attributes
Lannate is anti-acetyl cholinesterase, inhibiting nerve function
Broad spectrum of activity; controls >140 insect species
Fast acting, effective by contact & ingestion; also ovicidal activity
Not phytotoxic, systemic, translaminar
Excellent compatibility with commonly used pesticides
Resistance management tool and fits with IPM

4. Toxicology Attributes
Acute dermal toxicity is extremely low
one of the primary attributes of methomyl
95% of worker exposure is potentially dermal
Acute oral and inhalation toxicity is high
exposure can be mitigated (masks)
Toxicity (acetyl cholinesterase inhibition) is quickly reversible without treatment
carbamate insecticide property
no delayed neurotoxicity in long term
Effective antidote is available (atropine)
Toxicology studies have shown that methomyl does not cause: developmental toxicity, reproductive toxicity, mutations, chronic toxicity, delayed neurotoxicity, carcinogenicity
Low demal toxicity due to break down, when penetrating through skin.
No allergies
Toxicity (acetyl cholinesterase inhibition) is quickly reversible without treatment compared with OP’s- carbamate attribute

5. Environmental Attributes
Rapid decomposition to natural molecules, no potential to bioaccumulate
Rapid degradation
soil: 90% loss in 35 days, low mobility
water: half life very short, hours to <7 days
Rapid metabolism
plants: half life <3-5 days, short residual on crops, safe for harvesters (PHI’s 1-7 days) and consumers
animals: >50% metabolized or excreted in 24 hrs
Aquatic toxicity
acutely toxic to invertebrates but exposure mitigated by label precautions (no aquatic uses)
low potential for chronic toxicity due to rapid degradation
Lannate does not accumulate in body and any adverse effect is rapidly reversible.
Metabolites (acetonitrile & CO2) are eliminate primarily by respiration and urine.

6. Lannate® Vs. commonly used OP’s
Dermal and dietary safety in comparison to some OP insecticides:
Dermal LD50 ADI*
(mg/kg) (ug/kg/day)
methomyl (rabbit) 30
methamidophos (rabbit) 0.6
monocrotophos (rabbit); 120 (rat) 0.6
demeton S methyl 30 (rat) 0.3
oxydemeton methyl 130 (rat) 0.3
mevinphos (rabbit); 4-90 (rat) 1.3
*ADI = Acceptable Daily Intake values determined by JMPR
UAE-united arab emirats banned products, very strict
Do these products are still sold? Even in banned?

7. Lannate®: Rat Reversibility Study Results

8. Mexican Worker Exposure Study
Determine potential dermal and respiratory exposure to mixers, loaders, and applicators during use with backpack sprayers
low (cauliflower) and medium (tomato) height crops
15 replicates (5 operators spraying on 3 separate occasions)
GIFAP recommended clothing worn
outer cotton tunic and trousers with inner cotton underwear (dosimeter f/dermal exposure)
waterproof gloves with cotton undergloves (dosimeter f/hand exposure)
rubber boots, baseball caps & dust masks (dosimeter f/respiratory exposure)
Patrick:
Do Knapsack is the same as backpack sprayers?

9. Mexican Worker Exposure Study : Summary of Findings
Outer clothing provides a high degree of protection from dermal exposure intercepting 83-93% of total methomyl residue
Respiratory exposure is very low (<0.1%)[dust mask]
Margins of safety for workers applying methomyl to a medium height crop (tomato) with appropriate PPE are:
206 for dermal exposure
3316 for respiratory exposure

10. Mexican Worker Exposure Study: Results

11. Mexican Worker Exposure Study: Results
Methomyl residues

12. Mexican Worker Exposure Study: Tomato Results
Route Exposure* NOEL MOS****
Dermal mg/kg 90 mg/kg** 206
(sum of deposits
on inner suit and gloves,
face, and neck)
Respiratory mg/kg 12.6 mg/kg*** 3316
(deposit on respirator)
*based on a 70 kg person and adjusted to 6 and 4 hrs exposure for dermal and respiratory routes,
respectively
** 21-day dermal study in rabbits (exposure 6 hrs/day)
*** rat inhalation LC50 study (exposure 4 hrs; no mortality at 1.8 mg/L); assumes 100% absorption by
a 0.25 kg rat with a respiration rate of 73 mL/min
**** Margin of Safety = NOEL divided by exposure

13. DuPont Safe Use Measures
Use of dye (color)
New formulations with bittering agents (mal sabor) to prevent accidental ingestion
Use of constant flow valve for backpack sprays
Labelling with precautions and pictograms
Availability of atropine whenever needed
Safe use training programs
Packaging in water soluble bags for solids and high density plastic bottles for liquids; no large containers
constant flow valve? Is that used in CA?

14. DuPont’s proposal to authorities
Discontinue commercialization of liquid Lannate®
New 1 oz presentation on WSB to avoid handling
Training to medical department, to be able to tell difference between acetyl cholinesterase symptoms and other (heat)
Continue training efforts on good use and Lannate ® management
On the last 3 years, 430 people were trained in El Salvador
Agricultores, cooperativas,
Distribuidores:
dependientes de mostrador,
Area de ventas, servicio tecnico, bodegueros.