1. Kingdom
Plantae

2. Objectives: Know the different types of plants.
Know structures and functions of plant parts.
Be able to label and explain function of flower parts.
Know pollination, fertilization and germination
Know what tropisms are.
Know the process of photosynthesis (what happens and where it happens)

3. Main Characteristics Cells contain a nucleus Make their own food
Cells contain a cell wall
Multicellular
Can not move from place to place

4. Plant Kingdom Nonvascular Vascular can be such as may in produce seeds
NOT produce seeds
mosses and liverworts
ferns
horsetails
club mosses
flowers
(Angiosperms)
cones
(Gymnosperms)
Monocot
Dicot
Pine trees, evergreens

5. Types of Plants 1. Nonvascular Plants 2. Vascular Plants
Do NOT have conducting tissue (pipes) to transport water and nutrients.
These plants are small and use diffusion and osmosis to move materials.
Examples: mosses and liverworts
2. Vascular Plants
Contain conducting tissue (pipes) to deliver needed materials throughout the plant.
Vascular plants can be any size

6. Types of Vascular Plants
1. Plants without seeds.
Help form soil and prevent erosion
Examples: ferns, horsetails and club mosses
2. Plants with seeds.
Have a two part life cycle
sporophyte - produce spores
gametophyte - produce sex cells

7. Types of Seed Plants 1. Gymnosperms 2. Angiosperms
Non-flowering or fruit bearing plants
Produce cones instead of flowers and fruits.
Examples: Conifers and evergreens
2. Angiosperms
Flowering plants
Use flowers (attract animals) and fruits (protect seeds) for reproduction.
Flowering plants provide food for animals.

8. Seed Structure
Cotyledon - a seed leaf. Provides food for the embryo before it can make its own food.

9. Types of Angiosperms 1. Monocots 2. Dicots
Contains 1 seed leaf (cotyledon)
Flower parts in threes
Leaves with parallel veins
Vascular tissue scattered
Fibrous roots
Examples: grasses, onions, lillies, palms
2. Dicots
Contains 2 seed leaves (cotyledons)
Flower parts in fours or fives
Leaves with branching veins
Vascular tissue in a ring
Taproots
Examples: roses, cactuses, sunflowers, peanuts

10. Differences between monocots and dicots

11. - Write down section headings and bullets for each paragraph.
- DO NOT WRITE ON THE SHEET I give you!
- Write down section headings and bullets for each paragraph.
- You will have 8 minutes to read and chapter title.
- You will then discuss your answers with the group and make a list of important information for the class.

12. In groups you will need:
A time keeper
A recorder All students must participate in
A reporter answering questions!!!
A manager
A collector
You need to determine the important information that the class needs to know and write that information neat and large on the construction paper.
Write the question on the top of the page and then bullet key information.
You will have 10 minutes.

13. Monocot
Dicot
Monocot
Dicot
Parts in 3’s
Parts in 4’s or 5’s
1 cotyledon
2 cotyledons
Dicot
Monocot
Net-veined
Parallel veins
Dicot
Monocot
Monocot
Dicot
In a ring
Scattered
fibrous
taproot

14. Angiosperm Structure Angiosperms are made up of: Roots Stems Leaves
Flowers

15. Stamen
Pistil
Petal
Flower
Sepal
Leaves
Stems
Roots

16. Roots
Main Functions:
Supply plant with water and minerals that are absorbed from the soil
Support and anchor plant
Store food made during photosynthesis

17. Root Types
1. Tap Root -
One main root growing down with smaller roots coming off.
Example: carrots
2. Fibrous Root -
Several roots that are the same size.
Example: grass

18. Stems Main Functions: Support plant body
Some stems can store materials.
Example: cactus stores water
Transport materials between roots and leaves
Xylem - carries water and minerals upward from the roots
Phloem - carries food downward to roots for storage and to other parts of the plant

19. Stem Types 1. Herbaceous Soft, flexible plant 2. Woody
Rigid stems made of wood and bark

20. Leaves Main Functions: Parts of the Leaf:
Capture sunlight to make food
Control movement of gases in plant.
Parts of the Leaf:
Cuticle - waxy covering that protects against water loss
Chloroplasts - contain chlorophyll to capture sunlight
Veins - Move water, food and nutrients through xylem and phloem
Stomata - openings under the leaf to let in carbon dioxide and give off water and oxygen.
Guard cells - open and close the stomata

21. Leaf
Structure
Stomata
Guard cell

22. Flowers Parts of the Flower
Main Functions: Used for sexual reproduction
Parts of the Flower
Sepal - protects immature flower when it is a bud
Petals - attract insects and animals
Stamen - male reproductive parts
Anther - produces pollen grains
Filament - thin stalk, that anther sits on

23. Parts of the Flower Continued
Pistil - female reproductive parts
Stigma - collects pollen
Style- pollen travels down to reach egg
Ovary - develops into the fruit
Ovule - inside the ovary; contains the egg. Develops into a seed after fertilization.

24. Flower Project Extra Credit
Using the internet or gardening magazine or book:
Choose a flowering plant
Draw a picture of the plant
Label the parts (roots, stems, leaves and flower)
Describe one main function of each part.
Name of the plant
Your name & class period

25. pistil
stamen
anther
stigma
pollen grains
pollen tube
filament
style
ovary
ovule

26. Pollination & Fertilization
1. What type of reproduction occurs in flowering plants?
Sexual reproduction
- egg and sperm are needed
- offspring look different than parents

27. 3. What has to happen in order for fertilization to occur?
2. What is pollination?
Pollination occurs when pollen grains are transported from anthers to stigmas.
- Self-pollination: egg and sperm from the same plant
- Cross-pollination: egg and sperm from different plants
3. What has to happen in order for fertilization to occur?
- The sperm inside the pollen must get from stigma to ovary.
- A pollen tube forms from stigma to ovary.

28. pistil
stamen
stigma
pollen
style
ovary
anther
Self-pollination
Cross-pollination

29. Flower Dissection Lab Directions
Pull off the petals gently. Count the number of petals.
Remove the stamens. Draw and label the parts. Be careful not to remove the stigma and style.
Draw and label the female parts. Remove the stigma and style.
With your fingernail open up the ovary and draw what you see inside.
pistil

30. Flower Dissection Lab Questions
Classify the flowering plant we dissected today using one or more of the words below:
gymnosperm, nonvascular, angiosperm, seedless, vascular, seeded
Determine whether the plant is a monocot or dicot. Give at least two reasons for your answer.
Explain the function of each flower parts below:
a) sepal b) anther c) petal d) ovary e) stigma f) ovule
g) stamen h) style i) pistil j) filament
Describe how pollination occurs.
Explain the path pollen takes from the top of the female part of the flower to the egg.
Describe how fertilization occurs in plants.

31. 5. What takes place after fertilization?
4. What is fertilization?
- Fertilization occurs when the sperm from the pollen grain fuses (joins) with the egg inside the ovule.
5. What takes place after fertilization?
- The ovule develops into a seed.
- The ovary develops into a fruit.

32. 7. What does a seed need to grow?
6. What are dormant seeds?
- They are seeds that are inactive (not growing or developing).
7. What does a seed need to grow?
water
oxygen
proper temperature
8. What is germination?
- Germination is the sprouting of a seed.

33. Germination

34. Asexual Reproduction in Plants
Vegetative propagation:
A root or stem can become a new plant
Examples:
- cuttings: using part of stem or root
- runners: stems that run along the ground and buds grow off it.
- plantlets: tiny plants grow on leaves
runner
cutting
plantlet

35. Tropisms: Growth in response to a stimulus
Examples:
phototropism: response to light
gravitropism (geotropism): response to gravity
hydrotropism: response to water
thigmotropism: response to touch

36. The process by which plants make food using sunlight.
Photosynthesis
The process by which plants make food using sunlight.
1. What is needed for photosynthesis?
- sunlight: chloroplasts in leaves
- carbon dioxide: stomata in leaves
- water: absorbed by roots
2. What does chlorophyll do?
- chlorophyll absorbs sunlight in the leaves

37. 3. What is the equation for photosynthesis?
sunlight + carbon dioxide + water ---> sugar + oxygen
Sunlight + 6 CO2 + 6 H2O ----> C6H12O6 + 6 O2
Excess sugar travels down phloem to be stored in the roots.
Oxygen leaves the plant through the stomata of the leaves.

38. 1. A and B from above make up the _________. C F G
Bonus:
1. A and B from above make up the _________.
2. D,E, F from above make up the _________.

39. C6H12O6 + 6 O2 ----> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy
Cellular Respiration:
Converts the energy stored in food into a form of energy the plant can use.
glucose + oxygen ----->carbon dioxide + water + energy
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 ----> 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + energy
This process occurs in the mitochondria of both plant and animal cells.
Transpiration:
Water loss from leaves through stomata.