1. Chapter 18 Text-1 What is sanyasa and what is Tyaga Text-2 Giving up fruitive work is called sanyasa Giving up results of work is called tyaga Text-3 Some says all works are faulty so to be rejected Others says acts of charity, penance, and sacrifice should never be given up

2. Krishnas judgment about renunciation 4-6 1. Renunciation is declared to be three kinds 2. Acts of sacrifice, charity, and penance never to be given up 3. They must be performed 4. They purify even great souls 5.They should be performed without attachment or expectation of result 6.As a matter of duty

3. Renunciation in three modes Ignorancepassiongoodness Giving up work out of illusion Out of fear of bodily discomfort and as troublesome Performs duty giving up material association & attachment to fruit

4. Krishna about work and renunciation 10-12 Renouncer in goodness neither hate inauspicious nor attach to auspicious work Giving up work all together is impossible for embodied being Giving up result and attachment is true renunciation Truly renounced has no reaction of work as good, bad or mixed

5. Five factors for any action 1.AdhisthanamPlace or body where work take place 2.kartaWorker, the soul who does 3.karanamInstrument or senses used for conducting work 4.chestaEndeavor 5.daivamSuper soul seats in the heart

6. Impetus for work Thinking, feeling, willing Constituents of work Accumulation of work 1.Knowledge1.Senes 2.Object of knowledge2. Work 3.Knower3. Doer Sankhya and Vedanta on karma

7. Knowledge in three modes GoodnessPassionIgnorance Sees undivided spiritual nature in innumerable divided forms Sees different living entities according to different body Attached to one type of work, dont know truth Very meager work

8. Action in three modes GoodnessPassionIgnorance Regulated, without attachment, love, hatred, desiring fruit. Desiring to gratify fruit, false ego, great effort. Disregarding scriptural injunctions, future bondage, in illusion, violence, distress to others

9. Workers in three modes Goodnesspassionignorance Free from attachment and false ego. Enthusiastic determined, equal in success and failure Attached to work and fruit, greedy, envious unclean, subject to joy and sorrow Against scripture, materialistic, obstinate, deceitful, insulting others, lazy, morose, procrastinating

10. Understanding in three modes GoodnesspassionIgnorance Knows what are dos and donts, Fear and fearlessness what is binding and liberation Cannot differentiate between religion and irreligion – dos and donts Takes religion to be irreligion understands everything wrongly opposite

11. Determination GoodnessPassionIgnorance Controls activities of mind, life and senses sustained by yoga practice Holds fast religion, economic development, sense gratification Cant go beyond dreaming, fearfulness, lamentation, moroseness, illusion.

12. Happiness in three modes GoodnessPassionIgnorance Beginning like poison but end like nectar Awakens self realization and satisfaction Derived from contacts of senses with sense objects, beginning like nectar end like poison. Blind to self realization, Beginning till end delusion, Born of sleep, laziness, illusion.

13. Natural qualities for work Brahmana1.peacefulness 2.selfcontrol 3.austerity 4.purity 5.tolerance 6. honesty 7.knowledge 8.wisdom 9.religiosity Ksatriya1.Heroism 2.power 3. determination 4.resourcefulness 5. courage in battle 6.generosity 7.leadership Vaisya1.Farming,2.cow protection and 3.business Sudra1. Labor and Service to others

14. Disqualified students Na-tapaskayaNot austere Indulged in sense gratification Na- abhaktayaNot devotee Krishna. Not engaged in devotional service Na- asusrusaveNo service attitude for Krishna or His pure devotee. Na- mam- abhyasuyati Those who are envious of Krishna