1. Hardwood Resource Ownership, Location, and Supply Issues Glenn Ahrens Oregon State University Extension Forester

2. Agenda Hardwood Timber Situation in the Pacific Northwest - Key determinants of supply. Hardwood Resource Trends by Ownership Future Outlook on Key Factors

3. Hardwood Resource Data Sources USFS Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) –1997 - PNW-RB-237 Azuma et. al 2002 –2001 - PNW-RB-246 Gray et. al 2005 –2006 - PNW-GTR-765 Donnegan et. al 2008 –2006 - PNW-GTR-800 Campbell et. al 2010 Washington DNR, Oregon Dept. of Forestry – Timber Harvest Reports Washington Hardwoods Commission – processor reports

4. Key Aspects of Hardwood Supply Alder component has declined on the landscape and as % of harvest. Alder comes along with softwood harvest – ups and downs of regional harvest trends. Retention and management for alder in younger stands has increased.

7. Timber Trends on Private Lands in Western Oregon and Washington: A New Look Darius Adams & Greg Latta. 2007. West. J. Appl. For. 22(1)

10. Greater attention to management of hardwoods will be needed to sustain benefits from hardwoods. Abundant alder is a legacy of past practices – current practices generally reduce the alder component.

11. Knowledge of and management for alder is increasing.

12. Foresters and landowners often leave alder in young stands when it appears to be the best tree.

13. The hardwood component on non- industrial private woodlands is increasingly important …

14. The future depends on hardwood management Current abundance –Legacy of past management Future abundance –Management favoring conifer –Management for hardwood?

15. US Private Industrial Forests 22 % of Alder Inventory 65 % of Alder Harvest

16. US Private Non Industrial Forests 19 % of Alder Inventory 25 % of Alder Harvest BC Private Forests 3.6% of Alder Inventory ~0.5 % of Alder Harvest

17. US State Forests 13 % of Alder Inventory 6 % of Alder Harvest

18. BC Government Forests 31 % of Alder Inventory 3.7 % of Alder Harvest

19. US Government Forests 11 % of Alder Inventory 0.3 % of Alder Harvest

20. Social Benefits Economic Benefits Sustainability Environmental Benefits Hardwoods are recognized for providing diversity biological aesthetic economic Hardwoods are an important objective for all 3 sides of sustainability

21. Alig et al. 2000 PNW-RP-522. Forest Cover Dynamics in the Pacific Northwest West Side. Is the worst over ? Loss of red alder forest type slowing down? Non - industrial Industrial

23. Timber Trends on Private Lands in Western Oregon and Washington: A New Look Darius Adams & Greg Latta. 2007. West. J. Appl. For. 22(1)

24. LOGS LUMBER

25. Hardwood Timber Resources Continuing management favoring conifers on major private and public lands. Non-forest development, particularly on lowlands Oregon 0.2% per year, 10x worse in Washington? Increasing value of alder – major industry and employment. Increasing management for alder - both economic and ecological goals.

26. Hardwood Timber Resources Non-industrial forests have about half the hardwood, continue to regenerate hardwood, and provide growing share of supply. Foresters are increasing alder management. State Forests aim to provide consistent timber supply including red alder. Social & Political Climate - Movement towards balance between economic and environmental.

27. Summary - Hardwood Supply Situation Recent harvest volume of alder (2007-2009) is about half what it was 15 years ago. Alder component declining on the landscape and as % of harvest – decline leveling off?. Alder comes along with softwood harvest - regional harvest trend drives alder supply. Available landbase and market factors drive forest harvest – worst is over? Alder retention and management – increasing.

28. Outlook for Hardwood Timber Priorities for action Increase public understanding and acceptance of forest management - maintain license to practice forestry Keep forest lands in forest – prevent conversion to non-forest Increase professional knowledge and skills in Hardwood Forest Management Demonstrate success and transfer the technology