1. Nano-Bio: Synergy of Biology, Physics and Chemistry Yehiam Prior Dean, Faculty of Chemistry November 2011

2. Nano-Bio: Synergy of Biology, Physics and Chemistry Import and Integrate insights, tools and methodologies from Biology, Physics and Chemistry - to understand material systems on the nano scale and develop new concepts and functionalities

3. Henry Moore Top Down

4. Bottom up

5. Top Down Microelectronics

6. Gordon Moore

7. Smaller Difficult Top Down Fabrication

8. Water Fullerene Molecules 0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000 100000 Nanometers PG5 - The largest molecule synthesized (30 nm diameter) Bottom up

9. May have started “top down” : “Then the LORD God formed a man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and the man became a living being.” Genesis, chapter 2, verse 6 But eventually we (i.e. science) adopted the ‘central dogma’ of molecular biology: DNA  RNA  Proteins  ….. ….  cells  organisms Living Things (or is it “top” down?) Bottom up

11. X1000 times actual size 0.001 inch Diameter

12. Chemistry Material Science Biology Physics Nano-Bio Electrical Engineering Mechanics

13. How can we study this regime? The Challenges of Nano-Bio Research: Molecules Bulk Matter ? Living things What is it there – Chemistry? Physics? Biology?

14. In microelectronics, complex systems are routinely fabricated Can we fabricate complex biological entities outside the cell and study them on a chip ? The Challenges of Nano-Bio Research:

15. Biological recognition is very well adapted and extremely specific. Can we adopt the biological methodology for specific functionalities? Bio sensors? Sensors for Hazardous materials ? Disease early detection? The Challenges of Nano-Bio Research:

16. Molecular specificity using biological recognition : Integrate the electronics and the biological functions into the Nano scale: Remote sensing Independent monitoring The Challenges of Nano-Bio Research:

17. Further miniaturization is more and more difficult, can we develop molecular computers? Can we study the transition from the classical everyday world to the quantum regime, in particular in biological systems? How can we learn from Nature’s approach to the assembly of living creatures and apply it to other complex structures? The Challenges of Nano-Bio Research:

18. Knowledge of scaled up molecular and biological processes Exchange of ideas and concepts Integrated programs to educate Students and scientists Teach -“Biology to non-biologists” - “Chemistry to non-chemists” - …....... Infrastructure to fabricate and measure on the 10-100 nm scale What is needed?

19. Excellent scientists from the different disciplines A culture of no boundaries between departments Dedication to Basic Science Flexible hiring and readiness to change Why at Weizmann?

20. Establish a state of the art facility, with a wide variety of instrumentation, and the support of highly trained staff scientists Make it available to biologists, physicists, and chemists both within and outside the Institute Invite and encourage collaborations Wait… What is the plan ?

21. NMR AFM XPS …….