1. Waste Management
Chapter 22

2. What does a societies garbage say about it?
How would the trash in a landfill from 50 years ago be different than the trash in a landfill today?
How does the trash in a developing country look different then in a developed country?
Why might landfills some day be considered a “mine” for resources?

3. Types of Solid Waste
materials/organics/food/fd-basic.htm
MSW – Municipal Solid Waste - Information from epa.gov
Date from EPA 2005

4. Waste Management –Source Reduction

5. Makes a closed loop for organic resources
Composting
Makes a closed loop for organic resources

6. Waste Management – Recovery & Recycling
What products are the easiest (and often most efficient) to recycle?
Glass and Metals
Why?
Just melt them down & save on energy used to mine/make more

8. Sanitary Landfill
es/APEnvironmentalScience/course %20files/multimedia/lesson82/ani mations/5b_Modern_Landfill.html
Why doesn’t most waste in a sanitary landfill decompose?
How do physical and hydrological conditions at a site affect its suitability for a landfill?
 Doesn’t get a lot of water, so that not a lot of leachate is produced.
High levels of clay and silt in the soil
Above the water table
What is generally used as a barrier in landfills and why do landfills need multiple barriers?
Use plastic liners and clay.
Lower chance of pollutants escaping from the landfill.
Monitoring the Site
Soil tests/water tests of the groundwater and local streams/rivers

9. Incineration Can provide energy Less goes to land fills
If not done properly, lots of air pollution
Ironically a lot of communities don’t use these because in order for them to be profitable, the community has to ensure a certain amount of garbage and as waste is reduced incinerators become less profitable.

10. Hazardous Waste

11. E-Waste
60 minutes video on e-waste

12. Surface Impoundment

13. Deep-well injection

14. Relevant Laws

15. U.S. Ocean Dumping Act
Prevents dumping of industrial waste, sewage, radioactive waste, and medical waste
Garbage Patch in the Pacific Ocean
Twice the size of texas, biggest landfill in the world, impact on animals
Some comes from ships dumping stuff, or containers falling off big cargo boats, but a fair amount just comes from urban run-off that makes it way through steams, to rivers, to the ocean

16. RCRA
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
EPA controls all waste (hazardous & non-hazardous) “cradle to grave”
Includes landfills, waste transport, waste storage

17. CERCLA
Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act
Commonly known as Superfund
Overseen by the EPA
Goal: Mandates the development of priority lists and the clean up of hazardous waste sites.
Blue are proposed sites, red are current sites, and green are deleted sites

18. CERLA Passed in 1980 1960’s &1970’s – Rises of industry
Left lots of hazardous waste & chemicals around
Cuyahoga River
Flows through the city of Cleveland, which released many pollutants
River has “burned” many times, mostly from oil/gasoline on top of the water

20. Love Canal – THE major event
From 1942 to 1953 a landfill known as the love canal, was contaminated by Hooker chemical and then sold to the city after being covered up by layers of dirt. The city then allowed homes and schools to be built over the landfill and people started to feel the effects of the hazardous waste through sickness, cancer, birth defects... The people living on top of the landfill eventually had to leave their homes.
2c/Hooker_Electrochemical_Quit_Claim_Deed_to_Bo ard_of_Education.pdf

22. Brownfields
Once a site has been designated as clean it becomes a “Brownfield”
nfo.htm
Duwamish River? acificnw/ _pacificpduwamish17 .html

23. Recycling in Maple Valley - http://your. kingcounty
Recycling in Maple Valley - recycling/recycling.asp
Cedar Grove Composting -
What can be composted in Maple Valley?
recycling/food-collection.asp#cities