1. 1 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 1 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia Suatu Tinjauan dan Cadangan Zaini Ujang zaini@utm.myzaini@utm.my http://www.fkkksa.utm.my/staff/zainihttp://www.fkkksa.utm.my/staff/zaini Timbalan Naib Canselor (Penyelidikan dan Inovasi) Profesor Kejuruteraan Alam Sekitar

2. 2 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 2 Presentation menu Sejarah perkembangan dan aktivisme politik ►► Dasar-dasar utama ►► Tinjauan kritis ►► Cabaran utama pengurusan alam sekitar ►► –Polisi dan dasar kewangan mesra alam ►► –Minda lestari ►► –Pengajaran hadith ►► Langkah ke hadapan ►► Rumusan ►►

3. 3 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 3 Sejarah perkembangan dan aktivisme politik 1990-an: Stigma diasosiasikan dengan aktivisme “hijau” Gerakan “hijau” menjadi kemestian dan trend semasa Stigma jika tidak mesra alam: –Organisasi korporat –Elit dan parti politik –Golongan “atasan”

4. 4 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 4 Underlying global drivers DriversTrends / initiatives Global benchmarkingEcological footprint PhilosophyEnvironmentalism National interestsBiofuel, energy consumption New economyGreen economy CommitmentBeing green InstitutionCleaner production, ISO16000

5. 5 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 5 An ideal eco-person Thinking green Living green –Eating green –Driving green Environmental ethics

6. 6 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 6 First generation IdeasPracticeBeliefs General public & consumers Activist Media Policy maker

7. 7 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 7 Second generation IdeasPracticeBeliefs General public & consumers Activist Media Policy maker

8. 8 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 8 Third generation IdeasPracticeBeliefs General public & consumers Activist Media Policy maker

9. 9 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 9 Fourth generation IdeasPracticeBeliefs General public & consumers Activist Media Policy maker

10. 10 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 10 Sixth generation IdeasPracticeBeliefs General public & consumers Activist Media Policy maker

11. 11 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 11 Learning and knowledge Data Information Theory Experience Knowledge Filter

12. 12 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 12 Path to wisdom Data Information Knowledge Understanding Wisdom DataInformationKnowledgeUnderstandingWisdom Events, experiments etc Description: WHAT? Instruction: HOW? Explanation: WHY? What is the best? The past The future

13. 13 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 13 Dasar-dasar utama alam sekitar Sumber asli Bahan cemar dan pencegahan pencemaran Aktiviti Kumpulan sasaran Pengurusan / organisasi

14. 14 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 14 Tinjauan kritis Dasar Skop perundangan Falsafah Pelaksanaan Penguatkuasaan

15. 15 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 15 Typical reactions Whose fault? Siapa salah? Siapa yang patut dipertanggungkjawabkan? Apa Kerajaan buat? Political will? Dulu Menteri ada umumkan untuk buat …, sampai sekarang belum …. etc.

16. 16 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 16 Policy making process Initial concern through accidents, tragedies, international pressure, regional framework, etc Reactions from general public Political will Parliamentary procedures Structure of implementation agency, funding mechanisms Implementation started Improvements, new challenges New concerns etc. 3 to 5 years

17. 17 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 17 Actors of policy making process Policy makers Policy holders Policy implementers Policy experts, R&D Policy watchdog General public

18. 18 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 18 Actors of policy making process Nature Man/Woman Policy beneficiaries Policy makers Policy implementers Policy experts Policy watchdog

19. 19 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 19 TasksAgenciesScope Policy makingCabinets, ParliamentariansOverall Policy holding &Dept. of EnvironmentWater, Air, Scheduled waste implementationDept. of Sewerage ServicesSewerage Dept. of Irrigation & DrainageRivers, Lakes, Coast Department of ForestryForest Cleanliness – Local AuthoritiesCleanliness Education – Ministry of EducationEducation Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovations R&D Policy expertsUniversities, ConsultantsOverall Policy watchdogPress, NGOs, individualsOverall Policy beneficiariesGeneral public, Political constituencies, Tourists, Industries Overall Actors in environmental governance (<2006)

20. 20 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 20 Watchdog Investigate (smell) Intelligence (McGyver) Policing (prevention) Alert (barking!)

21. 21 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 21 Press Reporting Investigative reporting Critical and constructive “Save Penang”

22. 22 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 22 River pollution in general Untreated sewage Partially treated sewage Untreated industrial wastewater Partially treated wastewater Soil erosion Wrong connection of pipes

23. 23 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 23 Pollution loads of wastewater (Ministry of Construction, Japan, 1996) ParametersBlack water or Urine+faeces (%) Grey water (%) BOD s 3268 COD mn 3664 SS4753 Nitrogen7525 Phosphorus7525 Grey water = bathing, washing, kitchen, etc.

24. 24 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 24 Cabaran utama pengurusan alam sekitar Kesan pemanasan global –Lokal –Serantau –Nasional –Lokal Contoh: Penghasilan gas-gas rumah kaca daripada loji rawatan air sisa

25. 25 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 25 Dasar kewangan mesra alam Insentif cukai Insentif teknologi baru Insentif

26. 26 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 26 The book that significantly changed my “success” formula

27. 27 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 27 Basic equation Success = Ability x Effort x Attitude Ability = Natural talents + Hobbies + Leadership++ = 0 to 100 Effort= Education + Training + Experience + + = 0 to 100 Attitude= Life + Career + Society + Nature ++ = -100 to 100

28. 28 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 28 Example: Basic equation Success = Ability x Effort x Attitude Ability = 10 + 30 + 30 = 70 Effort= 30 + 30 + 20 = 80 Attitude= -30 + 30 + (-20) + 10 = -10 Success = 70 x 80 x (-10) ► FAILURE !

29. 29 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 29 Café is an important indication to evaluate the academic culture in university

30. 30 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 30 A great man will find a great subject, or which is the same thing, make any subject great EMERSON (1833)

31. 31 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 31 Awards, winning prizes are not the aim, but could be a good motivational booster Some times you receive some kind of recognitions, if you are lucky, such as Malaysia Water Award 2004, Best Research Award 2005, Datukship 2007, etc.

32. 32 Dasar Alam Sekitar Malaysia ZAINI UJANG, Seminar ASASI, 10 Mei 2008 32 Academic journey is a marathon event, long and colorful …