2. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University1 Towards Tunable Measurement Techniques for Available Bandwidth Ningning Hu, Peter Steenkiste Carnegie Mellon University BEst 03 12 / 09 / 2003

3. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University2 Outline Our experience –IGI & PTR –PaSt A taxonomy of current techniques Challenge – tunability

4. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University3 IGI & PTR Uniform packet train probing techniques –Measure either packet gap (IGI) or probing rate (PTR) Search for the turning point –Turning Point – The smallest probing gap (largest probing rate) where it is not increased (decreased) by the background traffic Performance [JSAC Vol. 21, 03] –Similar accuracy with Pathload –Smaller overhead available bandwidth 0 arriving gap sending gap turning point

5. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University4 Paced Start (PaSt) Application of PTR –Use PTR to improve TCP startup performance –Similar in flavor to TCP NewReno PaSt uses multiple windows of data packet train to search for the turning point (available bandwidth) Performance [ICNP 03] –Less packet loss –Smaller startup time

6. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University5 What We Learned from PaSt Application’s considerations are very important for the measurement technique design Accuracy –IGI/PTR sometimes have 30% error, good enough? –TCP startup: 50% error can be easily accommodated Overhead –TCP startup: overhead is critical –IGI/PTR took all effort to reduce the overhead Two-end control –Hard to deploy –TCP: an two end protocol Think MORE about applications !

7. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University6 Outline Our experience –IGI & PTR –PaSt A taxonomy of current techniques Challenge – tunability

8. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University7 Taxonomy of Current Techniques Pathload IGI/PTR TOPP pathChirp Spruce Jacob Strauss, Dina Katabi, Frans Kaashoek Manish Jain, Constantios Dovrolis Bob Melander, Mats Bjorkman, Per Gunningberg Cprobe ABwE BFind …… Vinay J. Ribeiro, Rudolf H. Riedi, Richard G. Baraniuk, Jiri Navratil, Les Cottrell Ningning Hu, Peter Steenkiste

9. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University8 Taxonomy of Current Techniques How to measure Uniform probing Non-uniform probing Diff.common What to measure A_bw (rate) Pathload, PTR, TOPP pathChirpNot need BTimer problem Two-end control C_bw (gap) IGISpruceNeed B Diff.Small interval Long interval The list of techniques here is not a complete list.

10. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University9 Outline Our experience –IGI & PTR –PaSt A taxonomy of current techniques Challenge – tunability

11. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University10 The Challenges Two-end control Accuracy vs. overhead Extreme environment Deployment and Application – Tunability

12. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University11 Two-End Control Single-end control needs echo packets Accurate timestamp for the echo packet is hard to get 1.Extra delay on echo packet due to router –R. Govindan and V. Paxon. Estimating router ICMP generation delays. PAM 02 –K.G. Anagnostakis, et.al. cing: Measuring network- internal delays using only existing infrastruture. Infocom 03. 2.Return path queueing Tunability #1: Single-end probing

13. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University12 Accuracy vs. Overhead Accuracy is often a tradeoff with probing overhead Tunability #2: Enable application to configure the tradeoff between accuracy and probing overhead

14. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University13 Extreme Environment The environment where the bandwidth measurement assumptions don’t hold –Time measurement assumption –Available bandwidth determining factors Gigabit network [IMC 03, by Guojun Jin] –Timing issues: Interrupt & System call Wireless network –Available bandwidth determining factor could be different Tunability #3: Deal with the environment of the future

15. Ningning HuCarnegie Mellon University14 Conclusion Our experience from IGI/PTR & PaSt –Active probing design must consider both accuracy and overhead –The tradeoff is closely related with the application requirement Tunability is the key challenge for the deployment of current techniques for available bandwidth measurement –Achieve single-end control –Understand the tradeoff between accuracy and overhead –Solve real system issues