1. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure DM McKeough © 2008

2. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

3. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

4. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

5. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

6. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

7. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

8. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

9. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

10. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

11. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

12. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Fix these 2 0rder neurons!!

13. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

14. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

15. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

16. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

17. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

18. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

19. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

20. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

21. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure

22. Primary sensory cortex Superior temporal gyrus Third-order neurons Oculomotor nucleus (III) Trochlear nucleus (IV) Abducens nucleus (IV) Lateral vestibulospinal tract Receptors Vestibular nerve (VIII) Vestibular ganglion First-order neurons Medial vestibulospinal tract Descending MLF Medial vestibular nucleus Inferior vestibular nucleus Superior vestibular nucleus Lateral vestibular nucleus Reticular formation Ascending MLF Ventral posterior inferior nucleus Central Vestibular Pathway Click name to highlight structure