1. DATA R US Personal Travel Data, including CTPP and NPTS DATA R US Personal Travel Data, including CTPP and NPTS Portland State University April 29, 2005 Elaine Murakami, FHWA Elaine.murakami@fhwa.dot.gov Ed Christopher, FHWA Edc@berwyned.com

2. What are Personal Travel Data?

3. Daily activities and travel How we get to work How we get to work When do we use the bus or rail or air When do we use the bus or rail or air What are motivations for traveling What are motivations for traveling What are cost trade-offs (value pricing) What are cost trade-offs (value pricing)

4. Examples using Census and CTPP data

5. Mode to Work, 1970 - 2000 Percent of Workers U.S. Total

6. Households without Vehicles Percent, by Race/Hisp Origin

7. Travel Time to Work, 1990 and 2000 Percent of Workers 49 largest MSAs

10. Examples using NPTS data

11. There were significantly more households in 2001 than in 1995 who owned a greater number of vehicles than there were drivers in the household 1995 2001 15 million 14.5 million 63 million 64.5 million 14 million 20 million 1.4 million 2.8 million

12. The average amount of time we spent in a vehicle in 2001 was slightly more than an hour. Children younger than 5 years old spent an average of ¾ of an hour a day in vehicles

13. Average Daily Occupancy by Urbanized Areas population and Trip Purpose HB- W HB- shop HB- Soc HB- Other NHB 50,000- 199,999 1.111.441.661.671.66 200,000- 499,999 1.121.481.721.651.68 500,000- 999,999 1.131.451.661.651.66 1+ million 1.111.481.691.661.64 Source: NCHRP 365, using 1990 NPTS

14. Personal Travel: Main data types Residence-based: households, persons, vehicles, person trips Workplace-based: employment/jobs, workers, work trips Workplace-based: employment/jobs, workers, work trips Other: Transit surveys: on-board, rider/non-rider Other: Transit surveys: on-board, rider/non-rider Special attractors: airports, schools/universities, major shopping centers, etc. Special attractors: airports, schools/universities, major shopping centers, etc.

15. Potential types of Questions Revealed preference – current behavior Revealed preference – current behavior Stated preference – how might act in future under certain conditions Stated preference – how might act in future under certain conditions Motivations for travel, and scheduling changes Motivations for travel, and scheduling changes

16. Residence-based Household Travel Surveys Household Travel Surveys -- National -- Regional/local Decennial Census and American Community Survey Decennial Census and American Community Survey

17. Workplace-based Public Sources ES-202 files Commercial Files Commercial Files Dunn & Bradstreet InfoUSA CTPP Parts 2 and 3 CTPP Parts 2 and 3 LED program (test) LED program (test)

18. Today, focus on 2 main surveys CTPP CTPP -- Historical Trends -- Small area data -- Residence, Workplace AND Flow NHTS NHTS -- Historical Trends -- Limited to Large geography only -- Includes all trip purposes, trip chaining file available --NCHRP 365 --Data transferability project

19. What is the CTPP? The Census Transportation Planning Package is a set of special tabulations from the long form of the decennial census designed by transportation planners for transportation planners It summarizes the data At Residence At Workplace Flows between Home and Work

20. Sample is 1:6 addresses nationwide, allowing for reporting at very small geography Decennial Census Long Form Transportation Related Questions -- Place of Work -- Means of Transportation to Work -- Carpool Occupancy to Work -- Departure Time for Work -- Travel Time to Work -- Vehicles Available

21. What are the CTPP Products? Tabulations at Residence Tabulations at Workplace Flows between Home and Work Main CTPP Products Collateral Products State and County Profiles County Flow Data County Flow Data Part 1Part 2Part 3 Part 1 Part 2 Part 3

22. ASCII Too How are they packaged? CTPP Access Tool The CAT

23. CTPP Access Tool Easy to Use Software Interface Easy to Use Software Interface -- Easy to manipulate rows and columns, including calculating new variables -- Easy to manipulate rows and columns, including calculating new variables.ivt files (proprietary format).ivt files (proprietary format) Shape files included for many Census geographic units Shape files included for many Census geographic units Exports to.shp,.dbf,.xls, ASCII Exports to.shp,.dbf,.xls, ASCII Mapping and charting components imbedded Mapping and charting components imbedded

24. What is in the CTPP? Lets Look at the Details So how does this thing work?

25. TablesLots of Tables 121 Tables of Residents Based Data 68 Tables of Work Place Data 68 Tables of Work Place Data 14 Tables of Flow Data 14 Tables of Flow Data

26. Variables-- Lots of Variables Variables-- Lots of Variables Journey-to-Work Work Location and Mode Departure and Travel Time Arrival Time (Calculated)Household Income Nos. Vehicles Available Size and Nos. Workers Person Worker Status Age, Sex, Race, Hispanic Origin, Disability Workers

28. Sample Table List

29. Data Issues Rounding Rounding Thresholds Thresholds Workers at Work vs. Jobs or Employment Workers at Work vs. Jobs or Employment

30. Disclosure Review Board

32. Chicago CBD - CTPP 2000 Data

34. No record threshold Must have 3 unweighted records

36. http://www.trbcensus.com/articles/ctppworkers.pdf Workers at Work Counts vs. Other Employment Sources Total jobs are HIGHER than CTPP worker counts CTPP uses NAICS, others may use SIC Multi-site businesses and job types not reported consistently Census 2000 employment estimates vs CPS Extended Allocation for CTPP small areas

37. With all this said and done now what can I do? Build profiles (Part 1 example) Build profiles (Part 1 example) Trend Analysis Trend Analysis Survey Weighting Survey Weighting Planning Process Planning Process -- Environmental Justice, Title VI -- Environmental Justice, Title VI -- TDM programs -- TDM programs -- Transit service planning -- Transit service planning -- Model calibration and validation -- Model calibration and validation

38. Where do I get the FREE CTPP with the CAT Software? https://www.bts.gov/pdc/

39. Other Census Data 100% data or SHORT-FORM information Redistricting Summary File (PL Data)Redistricting Summary File (PL Data) Summary File 1 (SF1)Summary File 1 (SF1) Summary File 2Summary File 2 Sample data or LONG-FORM information Summary File 3 (SF3)Summary File 3 (SF3) Summary File 4Summary File 4 Public Use Microdata Sample Files (PUMS)

40. NHTS Basics 28,000 households in U.S. plus nearly 44,000 households in add-on Program. 28,000 households in U.S. plus nearly 44,000 households in add-on Program. Telephone recruit, mail-out diary, telephone retrieval. Telephone recruit, mail-out diary, telephone retrieval. Cash incentives (recruit and diary) Cash incentives (recruit and diary) 41 percent overall response rate. 41 percent overall response rate. March 2001 thru May 2002 March 2001 thru May 2002

41. NHTS Basics, continued Destination locations are only geocoded for add-on records. Otherwise, self-report for distanceDestination locations are only geocoded for add-on records. Otherwise, self-report for distance Sample size is small, relative to total U.S. population, so geographic detail is very limited, e.g. MSA size, some states.Sample size is small, relative to total U.S. population, so geographic detail is very limited, e.g. MSA size, some states.

42. What travel is included? Assigned travel for 1 day, includes all 365 days of the year. Good resource for WEEKEND data, as 30 percent of sample is for weekends!Assigned travel for 1 day, includes all 365 days of the year. Good resource for WEEKEND data, as 30 percent of sample is for weekends! Long distance trips from 4-week period.Long distance trips from 4-week period. All modes of travelAll modes of travel

43. What travel is included?

44. The complexity of daily travel

45. NHTS File structure Households Person 1 Trip 1 Veh 1 Land Use Characteristics (Claritas) Vehicle Oper- ating Char. (EIA) Veh 2 Person 2Person 3 Trip 2 Trip 3 Trip 4 Trip 1 Trip 2

46. Household demographics (race, age, sex, household income) Vehicle information (age, annual miles, fuel type and use, etc.) Commute information (mode, occupancy, time of departure, work location and occupation, distance to work) Time of day and purpose for non-work Travel (mode, occupancy, time, miles traveled) Whos traveling together from same household 2001 NHTS Data Elements

47. Test with 1995 NPTS data CITE for transferability paper! ADD!!!! Assist areas without recent hhld survey data Trip Generation Rates and VMT accounting for census-tract-level characteristics Trips by Purpose, maybe be mode, and time of day 2001 NHTS Transferability Project

48. Use 2001 NHTS households (we have both detailed travel, and census tract characteristics) Develop clustering system, and cluster all 61,000+ census tracts, except Manhattan and tracts without population. Clustering system for 1995 had 11 clusters. Compare the results of the synthetic hhlds to the real households from the NHTS add-ons. If this works, then…. 2001 NHTS Transferability Project

49. User defines their study area by selecting census tracts. Software returns Trip Generation Rates and VMT by census tract, and study area totals. 2001 NHTS Transferability Project

50. 1995 NPTS Transferability Test: 11 clusters Rural Sub Urban

52. NPTS-based Person Trips Per Household 1995 NPTS Transferability Test Household Size RuralUrban Very High Income Low Income Mid Income High Income …Low Incom e Mid Incom e High Income 13.64.03.63.84.44.84.5 28.07.87.96.28.17.88.0 312.012.111.410.511.012.012.6 415.616.314.511.213.214.916.0 5+19.321.518.913.516.617.719.6

53. http://cta.ornl.gov/NPTS Try out the 1995 NPTS transferability tool:

54. 2001 NHTS On-line Table Generator Registration required, however, registration is immediate. Generates SAS program without your knowing much SAS. Includes the proper weights! Very important. Easy way to examine patterns, can help identify relevant variables for regression or other statistical test.

55. 2001 NHTS On-Line Table Generator

56. Select variables of interest

57. SAS output listing file

58. Output to spreadsheet

59. Stay Connected http://www.dot.gov/ctpphttp://www.TRBcensus.com http://nhts.ornl.gov